神经振荡影响快速言语识别的时间瓶颈  

Neural oscillation modulates the temporal bottleneck in accelerated speech comprehension

作　　者：高雅玥 范家宁 王茜[2] 邓丽芳[1] GAO Yayue;FAN Jianing;WANG Qian;DENG Lifang(Department of Psychology,School of Humanities and Social Sciences,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences,Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health,IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学人文社会科学学院心理学系,北京100191 [2]北京大学心理与认知科学学院,行为与心理健康北京市重点实验室,麦戈文脑科学研究所,北京100871

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2023年第9期1553-1559,共7页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32200862)资助;中国科学院心理研究所经费资助(GJ202005);北京航空航天大学人文社科青年骨干支持项目。

摘　　要：大脑可以快速地加工信息以应对不断变化的环境,其典型范例之一是快速言语识别。自然言语的瓶颈速率约为8~12音节/秒,与神经振荡的alpha速率相近。此外,已有研究表明alpha振荡可以调控知觉过程的时间分辨率。那么,alpha振荡速率是否影响快速言语识别的时间瓶颈?其作用机制是什么?本研究利用心理物理学方法和认知神经科学方法,从现象和机制两个方面考察alpha振荡如何影响快速言语识别的时间瓶颈。在现象方面,本研究将验证快速言语识别的时间瓶颈与alpha振荡速率的一致性。在机制方面,本研究将研究alpha振荡速率如何影响快速言语识别的行为表现,又如何调控大脑对言语信号的神经加工过程。本研究希望找到快速言语识别的神经机制,从而更深入地理解大脑的快速加工过程,并进一步探讨神经振荡调控大脑时间分辨率的相关机制。Humans can understand speech presented at extremely fast rates.In essence,the temporal bottleneck for speech comprehension occurs at a rate of 8~12 syllables per second,which closely aligns with the alpha band of neural oscillations.Moreover,previous studies suggest that alpha oscillation plays an important role in the temporal resolution of perception.Thus,the current study aims to investigate whether and how the speed of alpha oscillation predicts the temporal bottleneck in accelerated speech comprehension.Firstly,we will test whether the temporal bottleneck of accelerated speech comprehension is consistent with the speed of alpha oscillation.Secondly,we will investigate the underlying neural mechanisms of how alpha oscillation modifies speech comprehension.This study aims to uncover the fundamental mechanisms behind accelerated speech comprehension,providing valuable insights into ongoing brain activity and the role of neural oscillations in facilitating temporal integration.

关 键 词：听知觉 言语识别 快速言语 时间分辨率 alpha波 

分 类 号：B842.2[哲学宗教—基础心理学]