周家台秦简《日书》“求斗术”及相关问题研究  

A Study of the“Qiudou Method”in the“Rishu”Chapter on Zhoujiatai Qin Bamboo Slips and Its Relevant Issues

作　　者：冉景中 RAN Jing-zhong

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学东亚易学研究中心,山东曲阜273165

出　　处：《周易研究》2023年第3期35-47,共13页Studies of Zhouyi

基　　金：国家社科基金冷门“绝学”和国别史等研究专项:“易图集成与研究暨数据库建设”(2018VJX003)。

摘　　要：周家台秦简《日书》记载了一种“求斗术”,即计算任意时间北斗斗柄指向的方法,此法服务于当时术家占测吉凶祸福的需要。由于年代久远,其中关键字、词、句有歧义,学者多有误读。“求斗术”是六壬式占的早期形式,通过引入“月将”“日在加时”等六壬式占的概念及运算方法,可以将该术的具体操作方法破译出来,进而能够探析该术所反映的时空观、北斗崇拜以及迷信思想。古人观察到天上众星经纬交错如同大网,而斗柄具有指示时间和方位的功能,犹如天网之纲,故以“天纲”名之。古人以之为神,可以主宰吉凶祸福,于是又称其为“天罡”以凸显神力。In the“Rishu”chapter on Zhoujiatai Qin Bamboo Slips recorded a“qiudou method”,that is the method of calculating the direction of the Big Dipper at any time,which served the needs of people to forecast the good and bad luck at that time.Due to its antiquity,its keywords and sentences are ambiguous and many scholars have misunderstand them.“Qiudou method”is the early form of liuren divination.By introducing the concept and operation method of“yuejiang”and“rizai jiashi”,the specific operational methods of this divination can be explained,and the spatiotemporal view,the Big Dipper worship,and superstition reflected in this technique can be analyzed.The ancients observed that the longitude and latitude of the stars in the sky were intertwined like a large network,and the handle of the Big Dipper has the function of indicating time and direction,just like the outline of the heavenly network,so it was named“tiangang”(天纲),heavenly guiding lines.The ancients regarded it as a god that could control good or bad fortune,so they also called the stars of the Dipper handle“tiangang”(天罡)to highlight their divine power.

关 键 词：求斗术 日在加时 月将 天罡 

分 类 号：B221[哲学宗教—中国哲学]