新“被”字结构的句法运算与语义解读  

The syntactic derivation and semantic interpretation of new bei-constructions in Chinese

作　　者：韩媛 韩景泉[2] Zhao Yuan;Han Jingquan

机构地区：[1]湖南第一师范学院外国语学院 [2]广东外语外贸大学英语语言文化学院

出　　处：《外语教学》2023年第4期23-29,共7页Foreign Language Education

基　　金：湖南省哲学社会科学基金一般项目“动态句法视角下英汉被动结构句法—语义—语用互动关系比较研究”(项目编号:22YBA256);湖南省教育厅科学研究优秀青年项目“普遍语法与象似性界面研究”(项目编号:22B0873)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：新“被”字结构中的“被”字可接不同的语类成分,与原型“被”字结构存在明显不同。本文拟在最简方案的语段理论框架下探讨新“被”字句的生成过程,并对其语义解读进行分析。研究发现在句法运算方面,新“被”字结构跟原型“被”字结构一样涉及被动化操作。两者的主要差别在于在原型“被”字结构中经历被动化的谓词原本为及物性动词,而在新“被”字结构中经历被动化的谓词为派生而得来的动词,或者由原本的不及物性动词通过及物化派生得来,或者由原本的其它词类通过动词化与及物化派生得来。在语义上,新“被”字结构可以表示多种情感意义,包括不快、无助、讽刺、调侃等。In new bei-constructions in Chinese,element bei can be followed by words of different categories,which is sig-nificantly different from prototype bei-constructions.This paper explores the derivational process of new bei-constructions within the framework of Phase Theory in the Minimalist Program and analyzes the semantic interpretation of new bei-con-structions.It is shown that in syntactic derivation,new bei-constructions,just like prototype bei-constructions,also in-volve the operation of passivization.The main dference between the two lies in that in the case of prototype bei-construc-tions the passivized predicates are originally transitive verbs in nature,while in the case of new bei-constructions the pas-sivized predicates are typically derived verbs,either derived from intransitive verbs via transitivization or derived from words of other categories via both verbalization and transitivization.In semantics,new bei-constructions can express differ-ent kinds of emotional meanings,including unhappiness,impotence,satire,ridicule,etc.

关 键 词：新“被”字结构 句法运算 语义解读 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]