基于老年人出行选择概率的公园绿地可达性评价——以重庆市渝北区为例  

Evaluation of the Accessibility of Park Green Space Based on the Travel Choice Probability of the Elderly:Taking Yubei District of Chongqing City as an Example

作　　者：杨亚璪[1] 廖丁铃 YANG Ya-zao;LIAO Ding-ling(School of Traffic and Transportation,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学交通运输学院,重庆400074

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2023年第24期10487-10497,共11页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61803057);教育部人文社科基金(17YJCZH220);重庆交通大学研究生科研创新项目(2022S0037)。

摘　　要：老年人公园绿地可达性的评价,能够有效衡量老年人出行需求与公园绿地供给之间的关系,提高城市公共设施服务水平并增大老年人生活的幸福指数。以老年人出行方式选择行为和公园绿地固有属性确定的出行选择概率,得到基于选择概率的两步移动搜索法(two-step floating catchment area method based on selection probability,SP2SFCA),用于评估老年人公园绿地的可达性。以重庆市渝北区为例,用ArcGIS进行插值分析与叠加分析,确定公园绿地可达性的分布差异与重点改善区域,计算老年人公园绿地的空间可达性。结果表明:与两步移动搜索法相比,SP2SFCA更具合理性与适配性,尤其是在评价高可达性区域内部差异和边界区域的可达性计算中具有更高的敏感性。由SP2SFCA计算得到的可达性,增长率最高达到3 127.17%,降低率最高达到97.03%;可达性极差的区域由0.48%提高至6.27%,极好的区域由48.92%降低至35.42%;低人口密度高可达性区域占比约14%,高人口密度低可达性区域占比约21%。SP2SFCA能够分析城市公园绿地资源的供给分布,为保障老年人生活与城市公园绿地分布格局提供了优化建议。The evaluation of the accessibility of park green space for the elderly can effectively measure the relationship between the travel demand of the elderly and the supply of park green space,improve the service level of urban public facilities and increase the happiness index of the elderly.The two-step floating catchment area method based on selection probability(SP2SFCA) was obtained based on the travel mode selection behavior of the elderly and the intrinsic attributes of park green space,which was used to evaluate the accessibility of park green space for the elderly.Taking Yubei District of Chongqing as an example,ArcGIS was used for interpolation analysis and superposition analysis to determine the distribution differences and key improvement areas of park green space accessibility,and calculate the spatial accessibility of park green space for the elderly.The results show that SP2SFCA is more rational and adaptable than the two-step mobile search method,especially in the evaluation of intra-region differences of high accessibility and the calculation of reachability of boundary regions.The reachability calculated by SP2SFCA has a growth rate of up to 3 127.17% and a decrease rate of 97.03%.The areas with very poor accessibility increased from 0.48% to 6.27%,and the areas with excellent accessibility decreased from 48.92% to 35.42%.The proportion of areas with low population density and high accessibility is about 14%,and the proportion of areas with high population density and low accessibility is about 21%.SP2SFCA can analyze the supply distribution of urban park green space resources,and provide optimization suggestions for ensuring the life of the elderly and the distribution pattern of urban park green space.

关 键 词：可达性 老年群体 出行方式选择行为 插值分析 叠加分析 

分 类 号：TU985.1[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]