干旱荒漠草原型流域水文干旱和气象干旱关系  

Relationship between Hydrologic Drought and Meteorological Drought in Arid Desert Grassland Basins

作　　者：张伟杰 王文君 尹航[1,2] 关靖 安九吉[4] 郭恒志 孙鹏飞 ZHANG Wei-jie;WANG Wen-jun;YIN Hang;GUAN Jing;AN Jiu-ji;GUO Heng-zhi;SUN Peng-fei(Yinshanbeilu Grassland Eco-hydrology National Observation and Research Station,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;Institute of Water Resources of Pastoral Area Ministry of Water Resources,Hohhot 010020,China;Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Water Conservancy Development Center,Hohhot 010020,China;School of Water Conservancy,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Aohan Reservoir Irrigation Area Management and Protection Center,Chifeng 024304,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院内蒙古阴山北麓草原生态水文国家野外科学观测研究站,北京100038 [2]水利部牧区水利科学研究所,呼和浩特010020 [3]黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司,郑州450003 [4]内蒙古自治区水利事业发展中心,呼和浩特010020 [5]华北水利水电大学水利学院,郑州450046 [6]敖汉旗水库灌区管护中心,赤峰024304

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2023年第24期10568-10574,共7页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：中国水利水电科学研究院基本科研业务费专项(MK2022J07);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(2021ZY0027);内蒙古阴山北麓草原生态水文国家野外科学观测研究站开放研究基金(YS2022001)。

摘　　要：为了合理评估干旱对荒漠草原流域的影响程度,准确判断气象干旱与水文干旱之间的传播特征,以艾不盖河流域作为典型研究区,基于1965—2021年共57年的月降水和径流资料,计算3种不同时间尺度的标准化降水指数(SPI)和标准化径流指数(SRI),分析了气象干旱和水文干旱的演变过程、趋势特征及相关性。结果表明:应用SPI和SRI能够很好地反映气象干旱和水文干旱变化状况;SPI值和SRI值对降水量和径流量的敏感性随着时间尺度的增加而降低,时间尺度越大,发生高等级气象干旱事件和水文干旱事件的频数越高;发生气象干旱事件和水文干旱事件的趋势增强,且发生水文干旱的程度和可能性较气象干旱更重;时间尺度越大,水文干旱与气象干旱相关性越好,同时水文干旱要滞后于气象干旱,滞时为0~1月。研究成果为荒漠草原流域抗旱减灾提供了有效的理论支撑。In order to reasonably evaluate the impact of drought on desert grassland watersheds and accurately judge the transmission characteristics between meteorological drought and hydrological drought,taking the Aibugai River Basin as a typical research area,based on the monthly precipitation and runoff data of 57 years from 1965 to 2021,standardized precipitation index(SPI) and standardized runoff index(SRI) at three different time scales were calculated,and the evolution process,trend characteristics and correlation of meteorological drought and hydrological drought were analyzed.The results show that the application of SPI and SRI can well reflect the changes of meteorological drought and hydrological drought.The sensitivity of SPI value and SRI value to precipitation and runoff decreased with the increase of time scale,and the larger the time scale,the higher the frequency of high-grade meteorological drought events and hydrological drought events.The trend of meteorological drought events and hydrological drought events is increasing,and the degree and likelihood of hydrological drought are more severe than meteorological drought.The larger the time scale,the better the correlation between hydrological drought and meteorological drought,and the hydrological drought lags behind meteorological drought,with a lag of 0~1 month.The research results provide effective theoretical support for drought resistance and disaster reduction in desert grassland basins.

关 键 词：水文干旱 气象干旱 标准化降水指数(SPI) 标准化径流指数(SRI) 荒漠草原 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]