饲养密度和栏舍面积对仔猪生长性能、肠道健康和免疫功能的影响  

Effects of Stocking Density and Floor Area on Growth Performance,Intestinal Health and Immune Function of Piglets

作　　者：曾兴宇 吴宇梁 李雪[1] 周锡红[1] 熊霞[1] 印遇龙[1] ZENG Xingyu;WU Yuliang;LI Xue;ZHOU Xihong;XIONG Xia;YIN Yulong(Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process of Hunan,Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410029,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,中国科学院亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,动物营养生理与代谢过程湖南省重点实验室,长沙410029

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第8期5013-5022,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2016YFD0500504);湖南省农业创新项目(2019TD01)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲养密度和栏舍面积对仔猪生长性能、肠道健康和免疫功能的影响。试验采用2×3双因素设计,其中栏舍面积分别为2和4 m^(2),饲养密度分别为0.33、0.67和1.00 m^(2)/头。选取198头健康状态良好、胎次相近的28日龄三元杂(杜×长×白)去势仔猪,平均体重为(10.32±0.18) kg,随机分为6组,每组6个重复。试验期为30 d。结果表明:1)饲养密度为0.67和1.00 m^(2)/头组的平均日采食量(ADFI)、平均日增重(ADG)和末重显著高于饲养密度为0.33 m^(2)/头组(P<0.05)。栏舍面积为4 m^(2)组的ADFI和ADG显著高于栏舍面积为2 m^(2)组(P<0.05)。饲养密度为0.33 m^(2)/头组的空肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度显著低于饲养密度为0.67和1.00 m^(2)/头组(P<0.05)。2)饲养密度为0.33 m^(2)/头组的血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)含量显著低于饲养密度为0.67 m^(2)/头组(P<0.05)。3)饲养密度和栏舍面积对仔猪空肠黏膜分泌型免疫球蛋白A(sIgA)、组织蛋白酶E(CathE)和黏蛋白-2(MUC-2)含量存在显著交互效应(P<0.05)。饲养密度为0.33 m^(2)/头组的空肠黏膜MUC-2含量显著低于饲养密度为0.67和1.00 m^(2)/头组(P<0.05)。4)栏舍面积为2 m^(2)组的空肠黏膜闭锁小带蛋白-1(ZO-1)的mRNA相对表达量显著高于栏舍面积为4 m^(2)组(P <0.05)。5)饲养密度和栏舍面积对仔猪回肠黏膜干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、骨髓分化因子88(Myd88)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)、Toll样受体3(TLR3)和Toll样受体4(TLR4)的mRNA相对表达量存在显著交互效应(P<0.05)。栏舍面积为2 m^(2)组的回肠黏膜Myd88、IL-10和TLR4的mRNA相对表达量显著低于栏舍面积为4 m^(2)组(P<0.05)。饲养密度为1.00 m^(2)/头组的回肠黏膜Myd88和TLR4的mRNA相对表达量显著低于饲养密度为0.33和0.67 m^(2)/头组(P<0.05)。由此可见,10~23 kg的仔猪适宜饲养密度为0.67~1.00 m^(2)/头,适宜栏舍面积为4 m^(2)。饲养密度和栏舍面积可能通过影响肠道屏障�This experiment was conducted to study the effects of stocking density and floor area on growth per⁃formance,intestinal health and immune function of piglets.The experiment adopted a 2×3 factorial design with floor area of 2 and 4 m^(2),and stocking density of 0.33,0.67 and 1.00 m^(2)/pig.A total of 198 twenty⁃eight⁃day⁃old three⁃way crossbred castrated piglets(Duroc×Landrace×Large White)with an average weight of(10.32±0.18)kg and similar parity and good health status were selected and randomly divided into 6 groups with 6 replicates in each group.The experiment lasted for 30 days.The results showed as follows:1)the aver⁃age daily feed intake(ADFI),average daily gain(ADG)and final weight of stocking density of 0.67 and 1.00 m^(2)/pig groups were significantly higher than those of stocking density of 0.33 m^(2)/pig group(P<0.05).The ADFI and ADG of floor area of 2 m^(2) group were significantly higher than those of floor area of 4 m^(2) group(P<0.05).The villous height/crypt depth in jejunum of stocking density of 0.33 m^(2)/pig group was signifi⁃cantly lower than that of stocking density of 0.67 and 1.00 m^(2)/pig groups(P<0.05).2)The serum interleu⁃kin⁃6(IL⁃6)content of stocking density of 0.33 m^(2)/pig group was significantly lower than that of stocking density of 0.67 m^(2)/pig group(P<0.05).3)The stocking density and floor area had significant interaction effects on the contents of secretion⁃type immunoglobulin A(sIgA),cathepsin E(CathE)and mucin⁃2(MUC⁃2)in jejunal mucosa(P<0.05).The jejunal mucosa MUC⁃2 content of stocking density of 0.33 m^(2)/pig group was significantly lower than that of stocking density of 0.67 and 1.00 m^(2)/pig groups(P<0.05).4)The jejunal mucosa zonula occludens⁃1(ZO⁃1)mRNA relative expression level of floor area of 2 m^(2) group was significantly higher than that of floor area of 4 m^(2) group(P<0.05).5)The stocking density and floor area had significant interaction effects on the mRNA relative expression levels of interferon⁃γ(IFN⁃γ),myeloi

关 键 词：仔猪 饲养密度 栏舍面积 生长性能 肠道健康 免疫功能 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]