论人工智能在刑事司法决策中的应用  

On artificial intelligence-assisted criminal justice decision-making

作　　者：李容佳 Li Rongjia(School of Criminal Justice,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学刑事司法学院,北京100088

出　　处：《网络安全与数据治理》2023年第8期21-27,共7页CYBER SECURITY AND DATA GOVERNANCE

摘　　要：人工智能在刑事司法领域的应用方兴未艾,世界各国广泛开发人工智能产品,以期提高司法效率,提升司法决策的公平性。然而,人工智能尚处于初级阶段,存在决策偏见、算法黑箱等技术缺陷,并不能做到完全价值中立;人工智能的应用也对传统司法原则和理论造成了冲击,一定程度上威胁到了人权保护。所以,不能盲目夸大人工智能对于司法决策的作用。针对人工智能技术的缺陷,提出要在人工智能产品开发的各个阶段减少决策偏见,推进相关认证标准;对于人工智能的应用问题,首先要明确人工智能只能辅助决策而不能替代决策,其次应加强人类的责任和监管,保障决策的公平性。同时,应加强辩方的数据权利,以实现技术司法模式下的控辩平衡。The application of artificial intelligence in the field of criminal justice is on the rise,and countries around the world have widely developed artificial intelligence products in order to improve judicial efficiency and enhance the fairness of judicial decision-making.However,artificial intelligence is still in its initial stage,with technical defects such as decision-making bias and algorithm black box,and cannot achieve complete value neutrality.The application of artificial intelligence also has an impact on traditional judicial principles and theories,threatening human rights protection to a certain extent.Therefore,the role of artificial intelligence in judicial decision-making should not be blindly exaggerated.In view of the defects of artificial intelligence technology,this paper proposes to reduce decision-making bias and promote relevant certification standards in each cycle of AI development.For the application of artificial intelligence,it must be clear that artificial intelligence can only assist decision-making rather than replace decision-making.Secondly,human responsibility and supervision should be strengthened to ensure the fairness of decision-making.At the same time,the data rights of the defense should be strengthened to achieve the balance of prosecution and defense under the technical justice model.

关 键 词：人工智能 司法决策 人权保护 控辩平衡 数据权利 

分 类 号：D915.3[政治法律—诉讼法学]