基于GIS的天山北坡城市群人居环境自然适宜性评价  

Evaluation of natural suitability of human settlements in urban agglomeration on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain based on GIS

作　　者：赵永玉 阿里木江·卡斯木[1,2] 高鹏文 梁洪武 ZHAO Yongyu;Alimujiang KASIM;GAO Pengwen;LIANG Hongwu(School of Geographic Science and Tourism,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi 830054,China;Research Center for Urbanization Development of Silk Road Economic Belt,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi 830054,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,乌鲁木齐830054 [2]新疆师范大学丝绸之路经济带城镇化发展研究中心,乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《生态科学》2023年第5期84-93,共10页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41661037)。

摘　　要：以GIS为平台,使用5 km×5 km栅格单元为基本单位,选择土地覆被、地形起伏度、气候适宜度、水文条件以及土地沙化适宜度等自然因子结合社会经济数据,对天山北坡不同地区的人居环境适宜性进行探讨,揭示了天山北坡人居环境自然适宜性的空间分布格局,并进一步探讨其形成的原因。结果表明:天山北坡城市群的人居环境指数(HEI)介于10.72—80.19之间,地形起伏度、水文条件以及土地沙化适宜度为天山北坡城市群人居环境自然适宜性空间分布差异的主要限制因素,人居环境自然适宜性整体呈现“屋脊式”空间结构特征,具体表现为以乌鲁木齐市-奎屯市为中轴线逐渐向两侧递减的态势,并出现以石河子市、奎屯市为“双核心式”的空间差异特征。其中一般适宜区域分布面积最广,占天山北坡城市群总面积的39.79%;比较适宜区次之,占25.2%,分布着研究区43.87%的人口;然后是临界适宜区,占18%;不适宜区域占研究区总面积10.8%;高度适宜区最小,仅为研究区总面积的6.19%。We used GIS as the platform,5 km×5 km grid unit as the basic unit,selected natural factors such as land cover,topographic undulation,climate suitability,hydrological conditions,and land desertification suitability,combined with socioeconomic data to compare different areas on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain.The suitability of the human settlement environment was discussed.Based on the evaluation of a single natural index factor,the evaluation model of the human settlement environment of the urban agglomeration on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains was constructed,which revealed the spatial distribution pattern of the natural suitability of the human settlement environment on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains,and further explored the reasons for its formation.The results showed that the human settlement index(HEI)of the urban agglomeration on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains was between 10.72 and 80.19,and the terrain undulation,hydrological conditions,and land desertification suitability were the spatial distribution differences of the natural suitability of the urban agglomeration on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains.The main limiting factors for the natural suitability of the human settlement environment as a whole presented the characteristics of“roof-shaped”spatial structure,which was manifested in a trend of gradually decreasing to both sides with Urumqi City-Kuitun City as the central axis,and Shihezi City and Kuitun City were the main factors.The"dual core"feature of spatial difference was found.Among them,the general suitable area had the widest distribution area,accounting for 39.79%of the total area of the urban agglomeration on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains.The more suitable area was the second,accounting for 25.2%,and the population of the study area was 43.87%;then followed the critical suitable area,accounting for 18%.The unsuitable area accounted for 10.8%of the total area of the study area;the highly suitable area was the smal

关 键 词：人居环境自然适宜性 HEI模型 GIS 天山北坡城市群 

分 类 号：X122[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X513