青贮方式对青贮玉米饲料品质及“平凉红牛”育肥效果的影响  

Effects of Ensiling Methods on the Quality of Corn Silage and Fattening Performance of'Pingling Red'Cattle

作　　者：张小强 赵强 高永权 朱佩 吴丽娟 李等奎 张骞 王惠 ZHANG Xiaoqiang;ZHAO Qiang;GAO Yongquan;ZHU Pei;WU Lijuan;LI Dengkui;ZHANG Qian;WANG Hui(Jingchuan Pingliang Red Cattle Industry Service Centre,Jingchuan Gansu 744300,China;Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou Gansu 730070,China;Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Centre of Kongtong District,Pingliang,Kongtong Gansu 744001,China;Gansu Provincial Grassland Technology Promotion Station,Lanzhou Gansu 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]泾川县红牛产业服务中心,甘肃泾川744300 [2]甘肃农业大学,甘肃兰州730070 [3]平凉市崆峒区畜牧兽医中心,甘肃平凉744001 [4]甘肃省草原技术推广总站,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《寒旱农业科学》2023年第8期754-757,共4页Journal of Cold-Arid Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：平凉市科技人才专项计划(2022-0801-RCZX-147);甘肃省陇原青年英才专项基金(00124)。

摘　　要：青贮方式会影响青贮饲料的品质,进而影响到青贮饲料的饲喂效果。为筛选出青贮效果好,青贮饲料报酬及育肥效益高的玉米青贮方式。基于牛只体况,年龄、体重相近的原则,选取24头12月龄的“平凉红牛”阉牛作为试验对象。随机分为2组,每组12头,对照组饲喂窖贮青贮玉米+精饲料,试验组饲喂裹包青贮玉米+精饲料,共饲喂90 d,比较裹包青贮玉米和窖贮青贮玉米感官品质、营养品质及其育肥效果和经济效益。结果表明:不同青贮方式下,全株玉米感官品质无差异,但全株玉米裹包青贮组干物质、粗蛋白、淀粉、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、钙和磷含量均显著高于窖贮青贮组(P<0.05);饲喂裹包青贮+精饲料组的“平凉红牛”平均日增重较窖贮青贮+精饲料组高7.14%,每头牛日纯利润比窖贮青贮+精饲料高3.24元。综上所述,裹包青贮方式可有效保存饲料原料养分,且饲喂效果明显。Ensiling methods would affect not only the quality but also the feedlot performance of silage feeds.In order to study effects of different silages on the fattening performance of'Pingliang Red'Cattle,2412-month-age steers were selected as experimental subjects with similar body conditions,age and weights,and were andomly divided into 2 groups,the control group was fed with silo corn silage plus concentrate and the experimental group was fed with package corn silage plus concentrate for 90 days.By comparing the sensory and nutritional qualities of package and silo corn silages,as well as the fattening performance and economic benefits on feeding of'Pingliang Red'Cattle,results showed that no differences in the sensory quality of silages with different ensiling methods were found,but contents of dry matter,crude protein,starch,neutral detergent fibre,acid detergent fiber,calcium and phosphorus in package corn silage groups were significantly higher than those of the silo corn silage group(P<0.05).Moreover,the average daily gain of'Pingliang Red'Cattle in the package corn silage plus concentrate group was 7.14%higher than that in the silo corn silage plus concentrate group and the daily profit per steer in the package corn silage plus concentrate group was 3.24 RMB higher than that in the silo corn silage plus concentrate group.In summary,package ensiling method could effectively preserve the nutrients of raw materials in feeds and its feeding benefit was significant.

关 键 词：青贮饲料 全株玉米 窖贮青贮 裹包青贮 平凉红牛 育肥效果 

分 类 号：S823.8[农业科学—畜牧学]