高质量发展背景下的大城市土地出让策略与治理措施  

Strategy and Governance of Land Transfer in Mega-cities under the Background of High-quality Development

作　　者：张磊[1] 孙琳 张秀智[1] 李岚清 王培杰 ZHANG Lei;SUN Lin;ZHANG Xiuzhi;LI Lanqing;WANG Peijie

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学公共管理学院,北京100872 [2]清华大学建筑学院,北京100083 [3]清华大学公共管理学院,北京100083

出　　处：《城市发展研究》2023年第6期53-60,61,62,共10页Urban Development Studies

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“基于村民产权认知视角的大城市集体建设用地更新治理研究”(项目号72174200)。

摘　　要：基于2010—2020年我国9个大城市10337宗成交的居住用地数据,采用定量Logit模型分析大城市土地出让策略差异及其对房地产企业土地获取行为的影响,研究结果显示:(1)城市财政压力和土地出让金依赖程度不同,其土地出让策略也会形成明显差异;(2)各类所有权结构的房企会形成不同的购地倾向,央属房企更倾向于总价和单价较高的优质地块,本地国有房企可选择承担更多社会责任的出让宗地,非国有房企购地则更具市场化特征;(3)大城市政府土地出让策略会影响房地产企业的购地选择,与“租金最大化”“经营城市”和“综合发展”的政策目标相对应,央属房企、非国有房企、本地国有房企分别在三类城市中购得宗地的可能性上升。最后,提出在高质量发展背景下优化土地出让的治理措施:在土地出让条件中融入社会发展目标,各类房地产企业依据契约履行社会责任,地方政府保障透明公平的市场环境。Based on the residential land data of 10,337 transactions in 9 mega-cities in China from 2010 to 2020,this paper analyzes the typology of goals of mega-cities differently facing financial pressure and relying on land transfer fees.In particular,we check local government′s goals affecting the choice of real estate companies for land purchase.The results show that:(1)The cities have different policy objectives of"rent maximization","city management"and"comprehensive development"under different financial characteristics,and have formed differentiated land supply preferences.(2)Real estate enterprises with different ownership structures have different land purchase patterns.Central state owned real estate enterprises are more likely to purchase high-quality land plots,local state-owned real estate enterprises may undertake more policy goals,and non-state-owned real estate enterprises have market-oriented characteristics.(3)The government′s policy objectives in land transfer in mega-cities will affect the land purchase choices of real estate companies.Corresponding to the policy objectives of"maximizing rent","city management"and"comprehensive development",the possibility of centrally-owned housing enterprises,non-state-owned housing companies,and local state-owned housing companies acquiring parcels of land in three types of cities has increased.The paper finally put three policy recommendations for improving land transfer:the land authorities realize social objectives through land transfer contracts,all types of real estate enterprises should take more social responsibility according to these contracts,and local government increase the transparency and openness on residential land market.

关 键 词：土地出让 土地发展权 政策目标 房地产企业 

分 类 号：F291[经济管理—国民经济]