益生菌发酵中草药条件优化及品质鉴定  

Optimization of probiotics fermentation conditions and quality identification of Chinese herbal medicine

作　　者：曹燕妮 万里 王磊[1] 王朝凤 赵文俊 马玉红 张艳 丁成翔[1] 周桂花 吴国芳[1] CAO Yanni;WAN Li;WANG Lei;WANG Chaofeng;ZHAO Wenjun;MA Yuhong;ZHANG Yan;DING Chengxiang;ZHOU Guihua;WU Guofang(Plateau Livestock Genetic Resources Protection and Innovative Utilization Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Medicine,Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai Province 810016,China;Huzhu County Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station,Haidong,Qinghai Province 810599,China;Bamei Pig Breeding Technical Service Center,Huzhu County,Haidong,Qinghai Province 810599,China;Qinghai Province Huzhu County Bamei Pig Seed Breeding Farm,Haidong,Qinghai Province 810599,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省高原家畜遗传资源保护与创新利用重点实验室,农业农村部高原畜禽遗传育种重点实验室,青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海西宁810016 [2]互助县畜牧兽医站,青海海东810599 [3]互助县八眉猪养殖技术服务中心,青海海东810599 [4]青海省互助八眉猪原种育繁场,青海海东810599

出　　处：《中国饲料》2023年第17期128-136,共9页China Feed

基　　金：青海地方猪饲料端替抗模式应用与示范(2021-QY-204);西宁市民生科技专项(2021-M-02)。

摘　　要：为探究益生菌对中草药的发酵效果,确定最佳发酵工艺及对中草药品质的影响,本试验选用3株乳酸菌和2株酵母菌发酵中草药,采用4因素(接种量A、水料比B、温度C、发酵时间D)3水平正交设计对发酵条件进行优化,测定可溶性糖(SS)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸洗洗涤纤维(ADF)、pH等相关指标,从而确定最佳发酵条件,并与对照组(CK)未发酵中草药进行对比。结果表明:在营养指标中,SS主要受接种量影响,NDF和ADF均主要受温度影响;通过对发酵指标的测定分析得出,乳酸(LA)主要受温度影响,乙酸(AA)和pH均主要受接种量影响;对中草药活性指标分析得出,总多糖受温度影响最大,生物碱和总皂苷均受发酵时间影响最大;类黄酮受水料比影响最大,最后通过对毒素指标分析得出,呕吐毒素(DON)和玉米赤霉烯酮毒素(ZEN)均受接种量影响最大,黄曲霉毒素(AFB 1)受水料比影响最大。综合考虑提高中草药品质的相关指标,推荐益生菌发酵中草药的最佳发酵条件为:接种量10%、水料比0.60:1、温度25℃、发酵天数5 d。In order to explore the fermentation effect of probiotics on Chinese herbal medicine,determine the best fermentation process and its effect on the quality of Chinese herbal medicine.In this experiment,3 strains of Lactic acid bacteria and 2 strains of yeast were used to ferment Chinese herbal medicine.The fermentation conditions were optimized by 4 factors(inoculation amount A,water-material ratio B,temperature C,fermentation time D)and 3 levels orthogonal design.The soluble sugar(SS),neutral detergent fiber(NDF),acid detergent fiber(ADF),pH and other related indicators were determined to determine the best fermentation conditions,and compared with the control group(CK)unfermented Chinese herbal medicine.The results showed that SS was mainly affected by inoculation amount,and NDF and ADF were mainly affected by temperature.Lactic acid(LA)was mainly affected by temperature,acetic acid(AA)and pH were mainly affected by inoculation amount.The analysis of Chinese herbal medicine activity index showed that the total polysaccharide was most affected by temperature,alkaloids and total saponins were most affected by fermentation time.Flavonoids were most affected by water-to-feed ratio.Finally,through the analysis of toxin indicators,it was concluded that vomiting toxin(DON)and zearalenone toxin(ZEN)were most affected by inoculation amount,and aflatoxin(AFB 1)was most affected by water-to-feed ratio.Considering the related indexes of improving the quality of Chinese herbal medicine,the optimum fermentation conditions of Chinese herbal medicine fermented by probiotics were recommended as follows:inoculation amount 10%,water-to-material ratio 0.60:1,temperature 25℃,and fermentation days 5 d.

关 键 词：益生菌 中草药 发酵 优化 品质 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]