反客为主:领先用户如何成为创业者?  

Gaining the Initiative:How do Lead Users Become Entrepreneurs?

作　　者：尹苗苗[1] 李纪莹 Yin Miaomiao;Li Jiying(School of Business and Management,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学商学与管理学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《外国经济与管理》2023年第6期137-152,共16页Foreign Economics & Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(71972085);国家自然科学基金重大项目(72091310,72091315);吉林省教育厅项目(JJKH20221110SK)。

摘　　要：用户创业在实践中发挥的重要作用已引起学界重视,并吸引越来越多的学者开展相关研究。尽管较多学者认为领先用户更可能发展成创业者,但是领先用户如何转化为创业者的理论机制还未得到深入揭示。基于此,本研究将领先用户特征作为驱动因素,构建了“用户创业意愿形成”和“用户创业行为转化”的两阶段用户创业行为整合模型。结果表明,领先用户特征通过激发其创业意愿产生进而促进其创业行为开展;进一步发现,主动性人格水平越高,领先用户特征越能激发其产生创业意愿;领先用户创业意愿向创业行为的转化过程则更为复杂,领先用户越处于用户社区中心位置,其创业意愿越可能转化为创业行为;领先用户的创业自我效能感越高,越能增强用户社区中心性在创业意愿向创业行为转化过程中的促进作用。研究结论有效揭示了用户创业者的生成机制,并进一步深化和拓展了领先用户理论。This paper intends to deeply explore the internal process mechanism of“how lead users become entrepreneurs”.The study was conducted in the form of questionnaires,and the variables were assessed with validated scales.295 useable samples were finally obtained,while the confirmatory factor analysis,correlation analysis,and hierarchical regression analysis were adopted to generate empirical results.The conclusions are as follows:First,users’lead userness promotes entrepreneurial behaviors by stimulating their entrepreneurial intentions.Second,the higher the level of proactive personality,the more the lead userness can stimulate user entrepreneurial intentions.Third,the higher the user community centrality,the more likely the lead users’entrepreneurial intentions can be transformed into entrepreneurial behaviors.Fourth,the higher the entrepreneurial self-efficacy,the more the promoting role of user community centrality in the transformation from lead users’entrepreneurial intentions to entrepreneurial behaviors will be enhanced.The implications are as follows:First,lead users should develop and cultivate their proactive personality through participation in training.Second,lead users should take appropriate actions to occupy a central position in user communities.Third,lead users should improve their entrepreneurial self-efficacy,so as to promote entrepreneurial behaviors.Fourth,the government should not only encourage enterprises to actively construct online user communities,but also develop them into entrepreneurial incubation platforms.The future directions are that:Use longitudinal time user data to dynamically reveal the development and evolution process of user entrepreneurship;when studying the process mechanism of user entrepreneurship,bring into other personality traits of users such as trait competitiveness;incorporate more macro situational factors,such as entrepreneurial environment,government policies,and digital technology environment,into the research model,so as to explain the internal mechani

关 键 词：领先用户特征 用户创业意愿 用户创业行为 用户社区中心性 创业自我效能感 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]