2021年辽宁省抚顺市8~10岁儿童和孕妇碘营养状况分析  

Analysis of iodine nutrition status of children aged 8-10 and pregnant women in Fushun City,Liaoning Province in 2021

作　　者：潘芳 胡亚男[1] 夏慧杰[1] 刘新庆 高迪 Pan Fang;Hu Yanan;Xia Huijie;Liu Xinqing;Gao Di(Fushun Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Physical and Chemical Laboratory,Fushun 113001,China)

机构地区：[1]抚顺市疾病预防控制中心理化检验科,抚顺113001

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2023年第6期483-487,共5页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的掌握辽宁省抚顺市8~10岁儿童和孕妇的碘营养状态,为制定适合抚顺地区的碘缺乏病防治方案提供数据支持。方法按照人群概率比例抽样法(PPS),2021年在抚顺市的7个区县(东洲区、望花区、东洲区、新抚区、抚顺县、新宾县、清原县),按照东、南、西、北、中5个方位各抽取1个街道(乡镇),每个街道(乡镇)抽取1所小学,每所小学抽取8~10岁儿童40~50人;同时在每个抽中街道(乡镇),抽取孕妇20人。采集儿童、孕妇尿样及家中食盐盐样进行尿碘和盐碘含量检测;对儿童甲状腺进行检查,计算肿大率。尿碘测定采用《尿中碘的测定第1部分:砷铈催化分光光度法》,盐碘测定采用《制盐工业通用试验方法碘的测定》,儿童甲状腺检查采用多普勒B超法。儿童碘营养判定标准:尿碘中位数<100μg/L为碘缺乏;100~<200μg/L为碘适宜;200~<300μg/L为碘超过适宜量;≥300μg/L为碘过量。孕妇碘营养判定标准:尿碘中位数<150μg/L为碘缺乏;150~<250μg/L为碘适宜;250~<500μg/L为碘超过适宜量;≥500μg/L为碘过量。碘盐判定标准:18~33 mg/kg为合格碘盐;<5 mg/kg为非碘盐,5~<18或>33 mg/kg为不合格碘盐。结果共抽取8~10岁儿童1647人,其中男性829人,女性818人,儿童尿碘中位数为203.4μg/L。各区县儿童尿碘中位数范围为151.6~232.4μg/L,各区县比较差异有统计学意义(H=24.227,P<0.001)。共采集孕妇尿样700份,尿碘中位数为164.7μg/L。各区县孕妇尿碘中位数范围为131.3~193.0μg/L,各区县比较差异有统计学意义(H=48.516,P<0.001)。共采集盐样2347份,其中碘盐2329份,碘盐覆盖率为99.23%(2329/2347);合格碘盐2254份,合格碘盐食用率为96.04%(2254/2347)。尿碘水平与盐碘含量相关分析显示,二者之间无相关性(r=0.129,P>0.05)。检查1439名儿童甲状腺,其中甲状腺肿大25人,肿大率为1.74%(25/1439),低于国家碘缺乏病消除标准(<5%),各区县比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=31.Objective To study the iodine nutrition status of children aged 8 to 10 and pregnant women and thyroid of children in Fushun City,Liaoning Province,and to provide data for formulation of prevention and control programs on iodine deficiency disorders in Fushun.Methods In 2021,according to population probability proportional sampling method(PPS),1 street(township)was selected from 7 districts and counties(Dongzhou District,Wanghua District,Dongzhou District,Xinfu District,Fushun County,Xinbin County and Qingyuan County)in Fushun City according to 5 directions(east,south,west,north and middle)and 1 primary school was selected from each street(township).Forty to 50 children aged 8 to 10 from each primary school and 20 pregnant women were selected from each street(township).Urine samples and salt samples of children and pregnant women were collected for urine iodine and salt iodine levels detection,and thyroid gland of children was examined to calculate the goiter rate.Urine iodine was determined by"Determination of Iodine in Urine Part 1:Method for Determination of Iodine in Urine by As^(3+)-Ce^(4+)Eatalytic Spectrophotometry",salt iodine was determined by"General Test Method in Salt Industry-Determination of Iodine",and children's thyroid was examined by Doppler B-ultrasound.Children iodine nutrition criteria:urinary iodine median<100μg/L was iodine deficiency;100-<200μg/L was suitable for iodine;200-<300μg/L was more than the appropriate amount of iodine;≥300μg/L was iodine excess.Pregnant women iodine nutrition criteria:urinary iodine median<150μg/L was iodine deficiency;150-<250μg/L was suitable for iodine.250-<500μg/L was more than the appropriate amount of iodine;≥500μg/L was iodine excess.Criteria for iodized salt:18-33 mg/kg was qualified iodized salt;<5 mg/kg was non-iodized salt;5-<18 or>33 mg/kg was unqualified iodized salt.Results A total of 1647 children aged 8 to 10 years were selected,including 829 males and 818 females.The median urinary iodine of children was 203.4μg/L.The median urinary

关 键 词：儿童 孕妇 尿碘 盐碘 甲状腺 

分 类 号：R153.1[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R153.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]