社会分享型提取诱发遗忘发生的认知机制:抑制还是非抑制?  

The Cognitive Mechanism of Socially Shared Retrieval-Induced Forgetting:Inhibition or Non-Inhibition?

作　　者：张环[1,2,3] 左天然 刘一贝 刘希平 杨海波 Zhang Huan;Zuo Tianran;Liu Yibei;Liu Xiping;Yang Haibo(Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education,Academy of Psychology and Behavior,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin,300387;Faculty of Psychology,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin,300387;Tianjin Social Science Laboratory of Students'Mental Development and Learning,Tianjin,300387)

机构地区：[1]教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地天津师范大学心理与行为研究院,天津300387 [2]天津师范大学心理学部,天津300387 [3]学生心理发展与学习天津市高校社会科学实验室,天津300387

出　　处：《心理科学》2023年第4期802-808,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(20ZDA079)的资助。

摘　　要：说者对目标项目的选择性提取会导致听者对非目标项目的遗忘,即为社会分享型提取诱发遗忘。研究结合记忆提取的相关代价与效益观点,将被试按照反应抑制能力的高中低分为三组,发现只有低反应抑制能力的听者才表现出社会分享型提取诱发遗忘;且随着个体反应抑制能力的下降,社会分享型提取诱发遗忘效应逐渐增大。以上结果支持了非抑制机制对低反应抑制人群出现社会分享型提取诱发遗忘的关键作用。People often share their past events and experiences together in a social context.When speakers selectively retrieve certain parts of information from experienced events,it causes listeners to forget some relevant but non-retrieved information.This phenomenon is called socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting(SS-RIF).Based on the theory of correlated costs and benefits(CCB),this study explored the effect of response inhibition ability on SS-RIF,in order to clarify listeners’cognitive mechanism of SS-RIF.In the experiment,a mixed design of 3(response inhibition ability:high,medium,low)×2(interactive role:speaker,listener)×4(item type:Rp+,Nrp+,Rp−,Nrp−)was adopted,in which response inhibition ability was a between-group variable,while interactive role and item type were within-participants variables.The dependent variable was the proportion of correct recall in the final recall test.At the beginning of the formal experiment,72 participants completed the stop signal task.According to the length of the stop signal reaction time,they were divided into three groups:high,medium and low level of response inhibition ability groups.The participants in each group were paired according to their gender requirements.Afterwards,they were instructed to perform a retrieval practice paradigm,including three phases.First,the subjects independently learned wordlists.Then,they conducted retrieval practice for certain examples from certain categories,with one participant being the speaker and the other being the listener.At last,the final recall test was administered according to the category clues individually.The results showed that participants with high levels of response inhibition ability presented a significant RIF effect,while those with low levels of inhibition ability appeared no RIF effect.However,participants with low levels of inhibition ability showed a significant SS-RIF effect,while those with high levels of inhibition ability did not.With the decrease of response inhibition ability,the effect of SS-RIF gra

关 键 词：社会分享型提取诱发遗忘 相关代价与效益 抑制机制 非抑制机制 反应抑制 

分 类 号：B842.1[哲学宗教—基础心理学]