高度近视者献血行为眼部安全性的初步探讨  

Preliminary study on ocular safety of blood donation in high myopia

作　　者：于朦朦 孙晓蕾 曾繁星 高翔 李真真 原公强 王婷 Yu Mengmeng;Sun Xiaolei;Zeng Fanxing;Gao Xiang;Li Zhenzhen;Yuan Gongqiang;Wang Ting(Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University,Jinan 250000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院),济南250000 [2]山东第一医科大学附属眼科医院、山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院)、山东省眼科研究所、山东省眼科学重点实验室-省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地

出　　处：《临床眼科杂志》2023年第4期356-359,共4页Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82271052);国家自然科学委员会(U20A20386);泰山青年学者计划(tsqn201909188)。

摘　　要：目的通过相干光层析成像术(OCT)及相干光层析血管成像术(OCTA)研究高度近视眼与非高度近视眼脉络膜和视网膜形态和血流状态的差异,以及在献血200 ml后视网膜和脉络膜短期变化的差异,评估高度近视者献血200 ml的眼部安全性。方法前瞻性病例研究。以2021年3月2日参与无偿献血的健康志愿者为研究对象。纳入观察的样本共计33只眼,其中高度近视11只眼,非高度近视22只眼。献血量均为200 ml。记录献血者的性别、年龄、屈光度、眼轴长度,在献血前、献血后30 min、献血后24 h对所有献血者进行OCT和OCTA检查,比较高度近视眼及非高度近视眼在献血前后中心凹下脉络膜厚度及黄斑区各部位视网膜厚度和血管密度的变化。结果高度近视眼中心凹下脉络膜厚度,内环(1~3 mm)、外环(3~6 mm)以及黄斑区6 mm×6 mm范围内视网膜厚度均低于非高度近视组(均P<0.05),且与屈光度和眼轴长度相关(P<0.05);两组间献血前后脉络膜和视网膜各项指标差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论对于高度近视和非高度近视的健康成年人,200 ml短时血容量降低不会影响脉络膜和视网膜的形态和血流状态,也不会对视力造成不利影响。Objective Optical coherence tomography(OCT)and OCT angiography(OCTA)were used to study the differences in the morphology and blood flow of retina and choroid between high myopia and non-high myopia,as well as the differences in the short-term changes of choroid and retina after 200 ml blood donation,so as to evaluate the eye safety of 200 ml blood donation for high myopia.Methods A prospective study.The healthy volunteers who participated in voluntary blood donation on March 2,2021 were taken as the research object.A total of 33 eyes were included in the observation sample,including 11 eyes of high myopia and 22 eyes of non-high myopia.The amount of blood donation was 200 ml.The gender,age,diopter and axial length of the blood donors were recorded.All blooddonors were examined by OCT and OCTA before blood donation,30 minutes and 24 hours after blood donation.The changes of the subfoveal choroidal thickness,the retinal thickness and retinal vascular density of each part of the macular area in high myopia and non-high myopia before and after blood donation were compared.Results The subfoveal choroidal thickness and the retinal thickness in the inner ring(1~3 mm),outer ring(3~6 mm)and macular area(6 mm×6 mm)of high myopia were lower than those in the non-high myopia group(P<0.05),and were correlated with diopter and axial length(P<0.05).There were no significant difference in the indexes of choroid and retina before and after blood donation between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions For healthy adults with high myopia and non-high myopia,200 ml short-term blood volume reduction will not affect the morphology and blood flow of choroid and retina,nor will it have adverse effects on vision.

关 键 词：高度近视 献血 中心凹下脉络膜厚度 视网膜厚度 视网膜血管密度 

分 类 号：R778.11[医药卫生—眼科] R193.3[医药卫生—临床医学]