高精度全站仪在隧道变形监测中的应用研究  

Application Research of High Precision Total Station in Tunnel Deformation Monitoring

作　　者：刘百明 LIU Baiming(China Railway 19th Bureau Group Second Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Liaoyang 111010,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁十九局集团第二工程有限公司,辽阳111010

出　　处：《现代交通技术》2023年第4期74-78,83,共6页Modern Transportation Technology

摘　　要：对全站仪后方交会法及全站仪对边测量法在公路隧道监控量测中的应用及精度标准进行研究,提出一套精确高效且快速方便的隧道变形监测方案。探究表明,在一定距离范围内高精度全站仪代替水准仪和收敛计用以监测隧道拱顶沉降及周边收敛具有可行性,且满足精度要求。以山东某高速公路隧道为依托进行施工监测实践,采用全站仪后方交会法,并与电子水准仪挂尺法反复验证,根据隧道拱顶沉降监测分析,得出在利用全站仪后方交会法测量期间前视与后视距离为100 m时,实际误差≤0.5 mm。在隧道周边收敛监测中,通过全站仪后方交会法及全站仪对边测量法,以收敛计技术测得的数据作为实际收敛值进行校检,得出高精度全站仪隧道周边收敛的两种监测方法均满足测量精度要求,大断面与小断面误差基本一致,说明全站仪的两种周边收敛监测方式能够适应隧道施工的各种工序,且直接使用对边测量法得到的结果更接近实际收敛值。The research studies the application of the total station resection method and the total station side-to-side measurement method in the monitoring and measurement of highway tunnels and the research on the accuracy standard,and proposes a set of efficient,accurate and convenient tunnel deformation monitoring scheme.It is feasible to use high-precision total station instead of level and convergence meter to monitor tunnel vault settlement and surrounding convergence within a certain distance range,which can meet the accuracy requirements of relevant specifications.And based on a highway tunnel in Shandong as the project support,the actual verification is carried out in the actual construction monitoring process,and the resection method of total station was repeatedly certified with the electronic level hanging rule method.It is concluded that when the distance between front and rear view is 100 m,the actual error≤0.5 mm.In the convergence monitoring around the tunnel,the total station resection method and the total station side-to-side measurement method are used to check each other with the data measured by the convergence meter method as the actual convergence value.The monitoring methods all meet the measurement accuracy requirements;the errors of the large section and the small section are basically the same,indicating that the two peripheral convergence monitoring methods of the total station can adapt to various processes of tunnel construction,and the direct use of the edge measurement method is closer to the actual convergence.

关 键 词：隧道 变形监测 后方交会 全站仪 对边测量 

分 类 号：U456.3[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]