硼铝互作对栝楼根系生理代谢的调控效应  

Regulatory effect of boron-aluminum interaction on physiological metabolism of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.

作　　者：王志超 毛轩雯 李春俣 张雅婷 孙靖菲 王颜和 傅小蓉 张晓燕[1] 马琴琴 郑佳慧 张诗棋 刘鹏[1] WANG Zhichao;MAO Xuanwen;LI Chunyu;ZHANG Yating;SUN Jingfei;WANG Yanhe;FU Xiaorong;ZHANG Xiaoyan;MA Qinqin;ZHENG Jiahui;ZHANG Shiqi;LIU Peng(Botany Laboratory,College of Chemistry and Life Sciences,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学生命科学学院植物学实验室,金华321004

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2023年第8期440-453,共14页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.32001224,41571049,41461010);浙江省自然科学基金(No.5100390);2023年国家级大学生创新创业训练计划(No.202310345030)。

摘　　要：铝是酸性土壤中导致植物生长受阻的关键因素.为探究硼铝互作对栝楼根系生理调控效应,以耐铝性差异较大的安国栝楼和浦江栝楼为材料,探究了不同浓度梯度铝(0、300、800μmol·L^(-1))和硼(0、25、50、100μmol·L^(-1))共处理对栝楼各时期(10、20、30 d)根系生理代谢及遗传稳定性的影响.结果表明:栝楼根系生理受铝胁迫严重,各指标随铝浓度增加程度不断加深,且相较于浦江栝楼,安国栝楼对抗铝能力更强,生理响应更为稳定.浓度为25、50μmol·L^(-1)的硼与铝互作能缓解铝胁迫对栝楼根系造成的抑制效果,其中,细胞壁各多糖组分含量增加,果胶甲酯化程度(Degree of Methylation,DM)提升;有机酸的代谢中,柠檬酸合酶(Citrate Synthetase,CS)活性增加,顺乌头酸酶(Aconitase,ACO)活性降低,促进了柠檬酸(Citric Acid,CA)的积累以抵抗外界铝胁迫;根系DNA损伤得到一定修复,进而导致根长、根系活力、抗氧化酶活性提高,铝转运能力下降,最终降低植株地上地下部分铝含量.可见硼铝互作利于栝楼抵抗铝毒,且在25~50μmol·L^(-1)时效果最明显.Aluminum is a key factor to inhibit the growth of plants in acidic soils.To explore the regulatory effect of boron-aluminum interaction on the physiological metabolism of the root system of Trichosanthes kirilowii,Anguo T.kirilowii and Pujiang T.kirilowii,which vary considerably in aluminum resistance,were used as materials.Physiological indexes,metabolism,and genetic stability of Trichosanthes kirilowii roots in different gradients of aluminum(0,300,800μmol·L^(-1))and boron(0,25,50,100μmol·L^(-1))at various periods(10,20,30 d)were investigated.The results showed that the root physiology of T.kirilowii root system was seriously stressed by aluminum,and the degree of each index increased with increasing aluminum concentration.Compared with Pujiang T.kirilowii,Anguo T.kirilowii was more resistant to aluminum and had a more stable physiological response.The interactions between boron(at concentrations of 25 and 50μmol·L^(-1))and aluminum alleviated the inhibitory effects of aluminum stress on T.kirilowii.The degree of methylation(DM)deepened and the content of polysaccharide components in the cell wall mounted up.In organic acid metabolism,the activity of aconitase(ACO)decreased and citrate synthetase(CS)activity increased,which led to the accumulation of citric acid(CA).The DNA damage of root was repaired.These changes ultimately increased the root length,root activity,and antioxidant enzyme activity,as well as decreased aluminum transfer capacity and the aluminum content of the aboveground and underground parts.In conclusion,boron-aluminum interaction can effectively help T.kirilowii to resist aluminum toxicity with 25~50μmol·L-1 boron concentrations.

关 键 词：硼铝互作 栝楼 根系 生理响应 细胞壁多糖 有机酸 DNA损伤 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]