平菇栽培技术及菌渣利用研究进展  

Research Progress of Cultivation Technology and Spent Mushroom Substrate Utilization of Pleurotus spp.

作　　者：邬能英 杨守禄 黄安香 王忠伟 丁访军 WU Neng-ying;YANG Shou-lu;HUANG An-xiang;WANG Zhong-wei;DING Fang-jun(Guizhou Academy of Forestry,Guiyang 550000,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省林业科学研究院,贵州贵阳550000

出　　处：《中国食用菌》2023年第4期1-9,17,共10页Edible Fungi of China

基　　金：贵州省林业局林业优秀青年人才培养专项资金项目(黔林科合J字[2022]12号);贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2021]一般130号);贵州林下经济研究创新能力建设(黔科合服企[2020]4010)。

摘　　要：平菇栽培成本低、生长速度快、栽培规模大,具有较高的营养价值、药用价值和较好的医疗保健作用。然而,每生产1 kg食用菌大约产生5 kg菌渣,如不妥善处理可能会对环境造成严重污染,并产生潜在的疾病传播风险。通过介绍平菇品种、平菇栽培原料和平菇栽培方式,分析影响平菇生长及产量的因素,对菌渣利用途径及存在的问题进行综述,并对平菇栽培现状及菌渣利用情况进行展望。Pleurotus spp.has low planting cost,fast growth rate and large cultivation scale.It has high nutrition and medicinal properties and better medical treatment function.However,approximately 5 kg of potentially spent mushroom substrate is generated for production of 1 kg of mushroom.If not handled properly,the spent mushroom substrate may cause serious pollution to the environment and the potential risk of disease transmission.In this review article,Pleurotus species,raw materials,and cultivation methods are presented,the factors affecting Pleurotus spp.growth and yield were analyzed,spent mushroom substrate application approaches and current problems were reviewed,current research status of Pleurotus spp.and utilization of spent mushroom substrate were prospected.

关 键 词：平菇 栽培 生长因素 菌渣 利用 

分 类 号：S646.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]