中国木本濒危植物组成、分布及濒危原因分析  

Composition and distribution of woody endangered plants in China and analysis of endangered causes

作　　者：宋述望 吴治明 黄声亮 卢建 邱仁静 宋庆妮[1] 宋述灵 刘骏[1] Song Shuwang;Wu Zhiming;Huang Shengliang;Lu Jian;Qiu Renjing;Song Qingni;Song Shuling;Liu Jun(College of Forestry,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang Jiangxi 330045,China;Jiangxi Qiyunshan National Nature Reserve Administration,Chongyi Jiangxi 341300,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学·林学院,江西南昌330045 [2]江西齐云山国家级自然保护区管理局,江西崇义341300

出　　处：《南方林业科学》2023年第4期36-40,61,共6页South China Forestry Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(项目编号:32060319,41807028);江西省研究生创新专项资金项目(项目编号:YC2021-S361)。

摘　　要：木本濒危植物是植物多样性的重要组成部分,而当前对木本濒危植物统计分析不足。本文分析了中国442种木本濒危植物的科组成、分布格局特征以及主要濒危原因等。结果表明:(1)濒危植物物种数量涉及94科228属,在科水平上分布差异较大,猕猴桃科(Actinidiaceae)、松科(Pinaceae)、木兰科(Magnoliaceae)物种数量最为突出,三者占总数的30%。(2)木本濒危植物物种数量在空间区域分布上存在明显异质性。省级水平尺度上,南方省份高于北方省份,其中云南省的木本濒危植物物种数量最多。海拔垂直尺度上,木本濒危植物物种总数随海拔变化呈先升高后下降的趋势,其中800~1 000 m海拔区间的木本濒危植物物种数量最多。(3)人为因素是导致木本植物濒危的最主要因素,其次为种子环节以及种群生态学。基于分析结果,本文建议对严重濒危的科属,采取针对性保护对策,同时保护木质濒危植物需要加强各省份、区域之间的协同合作。Woody endangered plants were an important part of plant diversity,while statistical analysis of woody endangered plants was insufficient currently.In this paper,we analyzed the composition,distribution pattern characteristics and main endangered causes of 442 woody endangered plant species in China.The results showed that:(1)the number of endangered plant species involved 94 families and 228 genera,with great differences in distribution at the family level.The species number of the three most prominent families Actinidiaceae,Pinaceae and Magnoliaceae accounted for 30%of the total species number of endangered plants.(2)The number of woody endangered plant species was significantly heterogeneous in terms of spatial distribution.At the provincial level,the number of endangered species was higher in the south than in the north,with Yunnan Province having the highest number of woody endangered plant species.On the altitude scale,the total number of endangered woody species increased first and then decreased with the increase of altitude,among which the number of woody endangered species was the highest at the altitude of 800~1000 m.(3)Anthropogenic factors were the most important factors leading to the endangerment of woody plants,followed by seed characteristics as well as population ecology.Based on the results above,this paper suggests that targeted conservation measures should be taken for the seriously endangered families,and it's necessary to strengthen the synergistic cooperation among provinces and regions on the protection of woody endangered plants.

关 键 词：木本濒危植物 物种组成 空间分布格局 濒危原因 

分 类 号：S717.2[农业科学—林学] Q941[生物学—植物学] X176[环境科学与工程—环境科学]