学前听障儿童句法启动下的句法加工能力研究  

The Syntactic Procesing Ability in Preschool Hearing-impaired Children under Syntactic Priming

作　　者：张云舒 刘巧云 黄昭鸣 Zhang Yunshu;Liu Qiaoyun;Huang Zhaoming(College Special Education,Binzhou Medical Univercity,Yantai,264003,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]滨州医学院特殊教育学院,烟台264003 [2]华东师范大学教育学部康复科学系

出　　处：《听力学及言语疾病杂志》2023年第5期399-403,共5页Journal of Audiology and Speech Pathology

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(20YJC880128);国家语委“十四五”科研规划2022年度科研项目(YB145-21)。

摘　　要：目的探讨听障儿童和健听儿童句法加工能力的差异,分析听障儿童句法加工错误走向,为其教育康复提供参考。方法以48例4~6岁听障儿童和48例性别年龄相匹配的健听儿童为研究对象,采用《汉语句式仿说测试材料》,通过比较两组儿童间含1个修饰成分的简单句(SⅠ)、含两个修饰成分的句子(SⅡ)、特殊句式(SⅢ)、复句(SⅣ)的得分,比较两组儿童的句法加工能力。结果①听障儿童句法加工能力(13.23±4.68分)显著落后于健听儿童(15.31±4.07分)(P<0.05)。②两组儿童在句法加工习得情况上呈现大体一致的趋势,得分从高到低依次为SⅠ、SⅢ、SⅡ和SⅣ。③听障儿童在句法加工中最频繁出现的错误走向是句子成分缺失和句法结构歪曲。结论4~6岁听障儿童句法加工能力低于健听儿童,有成分缺失、句法结构歪曲等问题。在对听障儿童句法加工能力进行训练时,建议教学顺序依次为SⅠ、SⅢ、SⅡ和SⅣ。Objective To study the differences in syntactic processing ability between normal children and hearing impaired children and analyze the error feature of hearing-impaired children.Methods A total of 48 cases aged from 4 to 6 years old hearing-impaired children and 48 cases aged from 3 to 6 years old typically developing(TD)children with matching gender and age were included in this study.The syntactic processing ability of the two groups of children was evaluated by using the“Chinese Syntactic Processing Test Materials”.The evaluation content includes a simple sentence,two modified elements of the sentence,special sentence,and complex sentence.Results[KG1]①Hearing-impaired children s syntactic processing score was 13.23±4.68,which was lower than that of the TD children with the score of 15.31±4.07(P<0.05).②Both groups of children showed a generally consistent trend.The scores from highest to lowest were simple sentence with one modifier,special sentence,two modified elements of the sentence,and complex sentence.③For hearing impaired children,the most frquent errors in syntactic processing were missing sentence components and distorted syntactic structures.Conclusion The syntactic processing ability of 4~6 year hearing-impaired children is lower than that of TD children with problems of missing or distorted syntactic structure.When conducting syntactic processing training for hearing-impaired children,it is recommended to train in the order as follows:simple sentence with one modifier,special sentence,two modified elements of the sentence,and complex sentence.

关 键 词：听障儿童 句法加工 句法结构 语言表达 

分 类 号：H018.4[语言文字—语言学]