商标权恶意诉讼的理性规制  

Rational Regulation of Trademark Malicious Lawsuits

作　　者：刘加良[1] 李畅 LIU Jialiang;LI Chang(Law School,Shandong University,Qindao Shandong 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学法学院,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《法学论坛》2023年第5期124-135,共12页Legal Forum

基　　金：山东大学校企合作项目《民事诉讼中滥用驳回起诉的理性规制》(SK220502)的阶段性成果;山东大学青年学者未来计划(YSPSDU)的资助。

摘　　要：强化知识产权的司法保护,不能忽视对商标权恶意诉讼的依法规制。商标权恶意诉讼会妨碍营商环境的优化,阻却诉讼诚信原则的实现,干扰商标制度的发展。厘清恶意诉讼与恶意投诉、批量维权的边界,对实践样态进行类型化分析以及对恶意要件采取高阶化标准,有助于探寻到更趋客观的商标权恶意诉讼识别标准。修正不侵权确认之诉的适用条件,单列因恶意诉讼侵害责任纠纷案由,注重开庭前的早期治理,从严审查恶意诉讼行为人的撤诉申请加之启动专项检察监督,方可从程序层面有效规制商标权恶意诉讼。被诉方以商标权恶意诉讼行为人为被告提起损害赔偿诉讼具有实体法依据,对其损失的确定不应机械地限定在为应对恶意诉讼而产生的合理开支,引入惩罚性赔偿以确定商标权恶意诉讼行为人的侵权责任应慎之又慎。To strengthen the judicial protection of intellectual property rights,the legal regulation of malicious litigation over trademark rights should not be ignored.Trademark malicious lawsuits will hinder the optimization of business environment,impede the realization of the principle of good faith in litigation,and interfere with the development of trademark system.Clarifying the boundary among malicious lawsuits,malicious complaint and bulk rights protection as well as typing analysis of practice forms and adopting high level standard for malicious elements,will be helpful to explore a more objective standard for the identification of trademark malicious lawsuits.Only by revising the applicable conditions of non-infringement confirmation lawsuits,listing the causes of the dispute over liability due to malicious lawsuits,paying attention to early management before the opening of court session,strictly examining the application for withdrawal of the malicious lawsuits and launching special procuratorial supervision,can trademark malicious lawsuits be effectively regulated at the procedural level.There should have substantial legal basis for the accused party to bring a lawsuit for damages with trademark malicious litigators as the defendant.And the determination of losses should not be mechanically limited to reasonable expenses incurred in response to malicious lawsuits.Also,the use of punitive compensation to determine the tort liability of the trademark malicious litigators can not be more cautious.

关 键 词：商标权 恶意诉讼 诉讼诚信 程序规制 侵权责任 

分 类 号：D915[政治法律—诉讼法学]