政府科技新闻中科技成果转化的主题识别与时空扩散分析  

Spatiotemporal Diffusion Analysis of Achievement Transformation Topics in Government Science and Technology News

作　　者：王曰芬 王柳虹[2] 巴志超 岑咏华 王琦 Wang Yuefen;Wang Liuhong;Ba Zhichao;Cen Yonghua;Wang Qi(Management School of Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387;School of Economics and Management,Nanjing University of Science&Technology,Nanjing 210094;Laboratory of Data Intelligence and Interdisciplinary Innovation,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学管理学院,天津300387 [2]南京理工大学经济管理学院,南京210094 [3]南京大学数据智能与交叉创新实验室,南京210023

出　　处：《情报学报》2023年第8期939-951,共13页Journal of the China Society for Scientific and Technical Information

基　　金：天津市科技智库项目“天津高质量发展的重点科技指标对比和评价研究”(21ZLZKZF00130);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目“图书情报领域学术资源平台传播与利用的对比研究”(SJCX21_0169)。

摘　　要：政府科技新闻已成为发布与推广科技政策、传播与扩散科技成果的重要媒介。当前中国政策研究主要关注科技政策文本数据,对科技新闻这一载体在科技政策扩散过程中的作用关注较少。结合科技政策扩散过程的复杂性与科技新闻的时效性、简明性、广泛性等特征,本文试图挖掘并分析政府科技新闻在科技政策扩散过程中的作用特点及规律。首先,利用抽样与数据爬取方法采集并建立科技新闻数据集;其次,利用人工编码和文本挖掘方法识别出科技成果转化主题,并结合政策实施过程要素构建主题关联理论框架;最后,从扩散强度、扩散广度、扩散爆发与扩散分布四个维度研究有关科技成果转化的科技新闻时空扩散过程和特征。科技新闻主题与科技政策主题扩散特征具有一致性;科技新闻政策扩散作用特征凸显,不仅能即时而全面地关注科技成果转化政策落实,而且能简洁而动态地反映科技部与各个省市贯彻落实科技政策的侧重点及其关联事件的影响。同时,本文提出的科技新闻主题识别与时空扩散分析方案具有通用性,能够弥补基于政策文本数据研究政策扩散的不足。Government news on science and technology(Sci.&Tech.News)has become an important medium for publishing,promoting,disseminating,and diffusing scientific and technological policies.Currently,Chinese policy research focuses primarily on the policy itself and less on the role of the news in analyzing policy diffusion.Combining the complexity of the policy diffusion process and characteristics of Sci.&Tech.News,such as timeliness,conciseness,and extensiveness,this study attempts to explore the role of the government in Sci.&Tech.News diffusion,analyzing and characterizing the laws governing the policy diffusion process.First,sample and data crawling methods were used to collect and establish a database of Sci.&Tech.News.Subsequently,using manual coding and text mining methods,topics of science and technology achievement transformation were identified and combined with the elements of policy implementation to build a theoretical framework of topic association.Finally,the processes and characteristics of the spatial and temporal dif‐fusion of Sci.&Tech.News on achievement transformation were studied considering the four diffusion dimensions of in‐tensity,breadth,explosiveness,and distributiveness.It was determined that Sci.&Tech.News and policy topics display consistent proliferation characteristics.The role of Sci.&Tech.News in policy diffusion is significant,not only in terms of the immediate and comprehensive implementation of science and technology achievement transformation policies,but also in terms of reflecting the focus of the Ministry of Science and Technology on the concise and dynamic implementation of science and technology policies across provinces and cities.The proposed analysis is a generic scheme for the identifica‐tion of spatial and temporal diffusion of Sci.&Tech.News topics,and the research was conducted to compensate for the shortcomings of policy diffusion studies that are based on policy text.

关 键 词：科技新闻 科技政策 主题识别 时空扩散 科技成果转化 

分 类 号：G353.1[文化科学—情报学] G322[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学] D922.17[政治法律—法学]