水下航行器表面空腔流动及控制研究综述  

Review of research on underwater vehicle surface cavity flow and control

作　　者：段嘉 徐荣武[1,2] 章文文 DUAN Jia;XU Rongwu;ZHANG Wenwen(Institute of Noise and Vibration,Naval University of Engineering,Wuhan 430033,China;National Key Laboratory on Ship Vibration and Noise,Wuhan 430033,China)

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学振动与噪声研究所,湖北武汉430033 [2]船舶振动噪声重点实验室,湖北武汉430033

出　　处：《中国舰船研究》2023年第4期162-174,共13页Chinese Journal of Ship Research

基　　金：装备预研重点实验室基金资助项目(6142204210706)。

摘　　要：近年来,水下航行器表面空腔结构流激振荡产生的低频线谱噪声问题日益突出,严重威胁其隐身性能。针对水下航行器流激噪声等实际工程问题,对不可压缩空腔流动噪声的产生机理和特性进行分析,综述其流动特点和控制技术发展趋势。首先,对空腔自持振荡的基本机理和特性进行概述,总结梳理空腔自持振荡反馈机理及其三维不稳定特性的研究进展;然后,介绍自持振荡激励下流激空腔共振的产生机制和基本特性,包括矩形/圆柱形空腔声模态共振和Helmholtz共振等;其次,对比分析主动、被动控制方法的研究进展情况;最后,展望不可压缩空腔流动的未来研究方向,建议开展空腔自持振荡反馈机理与三维不稳定性研究、空腔流激共振机理和声辐射特性研究以及不可压缩空腔流激噪声控制方法研究。In recent years,the problem of low-frequency line spectrum noise generated by the flow-induced cavity oscillation of underwater vehicles has become increasingly prominent as it seriously threatens stealth performance.Focusing on practical engineering problems such as the flow-induced noise of underwater vehicles,this study analyzes the generation mechanism and characteristics of incompressible cavity flow-in-duced noise,and summarizes its flow characteristics and the development trend of noise control technology.First,the basic mechanisms and characteristics of cavity self-sustained oscillation are summarized,as well as research progress on the self-sustained oscillation feedback mechanism and three-dimensional instability char-acteristics.The generation mechanisms and basic characteristics of flow-induced cavity resonance are then in-troduced,including rectangular/cylindrical cavity acoustic modal resonance and flow-induced Helmholtz res-onance.Second,the research progress of active and passive control methods is compared and analyzed.Fi-nally,the future research direction of incompressible cavity flow is predicted.It is recommended to carry out research on the cavity self-sustaining oscillation feedback mechanism and three-dimensional instability,cavity flow-induced resonance mechanism and acoustic radiation characteristics,and incompressible cavity flow-in-duced noise control methods.

关 键 词：水下航行器 空腔流动 自持振荡 流激共振 噪声控制 

分 类 号：U661.1[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程] O427.5[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]