汽车仿生防撞主梁设计与碰撞性能研究  

Research on design and collision property ofbionic anti-collision girder

作　　者：李红军 李旭 李星彰 张弛 张成俊 LI Hongjun;LI Xu;LI Xingzhang;ZHANG Chi;ZHANG Chengjun(College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan 430200,China;Hubei Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Assembly of Industrial Detonator,Wuhan 430073,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉纺织大学机械工程与自动化学院,武汉430200 [2]工业雷管智能装配湖北省工程研究中心,武汉430073

出　　处：《重庆理工大学学报（自然科学）》2023年第8期85-91,共7页Journal of Chongqing University of Technology：Natural Science

摘　　要：汽车前防撞梁作为汽车安全行驶的重要防护组件,其主梁的横截面形状是影响缓冲吸能特性的主要因素。针对防撞主梁的碰撞问题,基于仿生原理提出了3种防撞主梁仿生横截面结构,建立3点弯曲动态力学模型。通过LS-DYNA软件对防撞主梁进行碰撞模拟仿真,得到各防撞主梁的变形压溃情况,为更深入地研究各防撞梁的碰撞性能差异,进一步对碰撞过程中的冲击力和比吸能等特征进行对比分析。结果表明内嵌水滴形防撞主梁撞击性能最优,其最大残余冲击力为3 062 N,最终吸能量为738 kJ,且具有良好的比吸能特性。The front anti-collision beam is an important protective component for safe driving of automobiles,and the cross section shape of main beam is the main factor affecting the characteristics of energy absorption.In this paper,three bionic cross-section structures of crash-proof girder are proposed based on bionic principle to study the impact of crash-proof girder,and a three-point bending dynamic mechanical model is established.Through collision simulation of anti-collision main girder with LS-DYNA software,the deformation and crushing of each anti-collision main girder are obtained.In order to further study the differences of crash performance of each anti-collision girder,the characteristics of impact force and specific absorption during the collision process are further compared and analyzed.The results show that the impact performance of the embedded water drop shaped anti-collision main beam is the best,its maximum residual impact force is 3062 N,the final energy absorption is 738 kJ,and it has good specific energy absorption characteristics.

关 键 词：防撞主梁 仿生设计 残余冲击力 吸能量 比吸能 

分 类 号：U463.99[机械工程—车辆工程]