叶面施硒浓度和喷施次数对春玉米产量和硒含量的影响  

Effects of Selenium Concentration and Spraying Frequency by Foliar Application on Yield and Selenium Content of Spring Maize

作　　者：刘乔斐 谢世学 杜小平 王祖桥 杜妮妮 LIU Qiaofei;XIE Shixue;DU Xiaoping;WANG Zuqiao;DU Nini(School of Modern Agriculture and Biotechnology,Ankang University,Ankang Shaanxi 725000,China;Ankang Institute of Agricultural Science,Ankang Shaanxi 725021,China;Ankang R&D Center for Se-enriched Products/Key Laboratory of Se-enriched Products Development and Quality Control,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Se-enriched Food Development,Ankang Shaanxi 725000,China)

机构地区：[1]安康学院现代农业与生物科技学院,陕西安康725000 [2]安康市农业科学研究院,陕西安康725021 [3]安康市富硒产品研发中心/农业农村部富硒产品开发与质量控制重点实验室/富硒食品开发国家地方联合工程实验室,陕西安康725000

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2023年第9期1336-1344,共9页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：校企合作项目(2022AYHX005,ZY-2021-01);陕西省科技厅重点研发计划(2021NY-043);陕西省教育厅科研项目(19JK0014)~~。

摘　　要：旨在研究叶面喷施不同浓度氨基酸螯合有机硒肥和喷施次数对春玉米产量和各器官硒含量的影响。以玉米品种‘安科126’为试验材料,于2020和2021年在陕西省安康市汉滨区试验基地布置大田试验。试验采用裂区设计,以0、10、30和50 mg/L(以Se计)4个施硒浓度为主处理,以喷施1次、2次和3次为副处理。结果表明:与对照相比,2020年叶面喷施硒肥使玉米产量下降1.20%~16.95%。2021年除处理Se50-3和Se50-1产量分别较对照显著增加35.63%和32.54%以外,2 a试验结果其他施硒处理玉米产量与对照差异均不显著(P>0.05)。施硒浓度和喷施次数对玉米根、叶和籽粒硒含量的影响显著。玉米各部位硒含量随着喷施次数的增加而增加。除2020年茎以外,玉米根、茎、叶和籽粒硒含量在施硒浓度50 mg/L喷施3次下均达到最大值。2020年玉米根、叶和籽粒硒含量最大值分别为0.65、6.66和0.56 mg/kg,分别是对照的3.42、19.59、3.50倍;2021年玉米根、茎、叶和籽粒硒含量最大值为0.86、1.64、27.23和0.83 mg/kg,分别是对照的2.46、10.25、34.91和3.61倍。叶面喷施硒肥使玉米籽粒硒含量显著提高,且符合富硒食品标准范围。因此,在安康地区采用氨基酸螯合有机富硒肥生产富硒玉米的推荐用量是50 mg/L喷施3次。This study investigated the effects of foliar application of organic selenium(Se)fertilizer chelated with amino acids at different concentrations and frequencies on the yield and Se content in various organs of spring maize.In 2020-2021,a two-year field experiment was conducted using the maize(Zea mays L.)cultivar‘Anke 126’in the experimental base in Hanbin District,Ankang,Shaanxi Province,China.The experiment adopted a split-plot design,with four Se fertilizer concentrations(0,10,30,50 mg/L Se)as the main-plot treatments and three spraying frequencies(1,2,3 sprays)as the sub-plot treatments.Results showed that compared with the control,foliar Se application caused a reduction in maize yield by 1.20%-16.95%in 2020.In contrast,the yield of treatments with one or two sprays of Se at 50 mg/L increased by 35.63%and 32.54%,respectively,in 2021.Except for those two cases,there were no significant differences in yield between the control and other treatments in both years(P>0.05).Se concentration and spraying frequency exhibited significant effects on the Se contents in maize roots,leaves,and seeds.The Se contents in different parts of maize plants increased with increasing spraying frequency.Except for the stems in 2020,the Se contents in maize roots,stems,leaves,and seeds all peaked under the treatments with three sprays of Se at 50 mg/L.In 2020,the highest Se contents in maize roots,leaves,and seeds were 0.65,6.66,and 0.56 mg/kg,respectively,which were 3.42,19.59,and 3.50 times higher than that of the control,respectively.In 2021,the highest Se contents in maize roots,stems,leaves,and seeds were 0.86,1.64,27.23,and 0.83 mg/kg,respectively,which were 2.46,10.25,34.91,and 3.61 times higher than that of the control,respectively.Foliar Se application could remarkably improve the Se content in maize seeds,which fits in the range of Se-enriched food standards.Accordingly,the recommended dosage of organic Se fertilizer chelated with amino acids is three sprays at the Se concentration of 50 mg/L for the production of Se-

关 键 词：玉米 产量 施硒浓度 喷施次数 硒含量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]