连续3 a生草对苹果园土壤理化性质及微生物群落的影响  

Effects of Continuous Three Years of Grass Cultivationon Soil Physicochemical Properties and MicrobialCommunity in Apple Orchard

作　　者：姜莉莉 孙瑞红[1] 张甘雨 张文升 宫庆涛[1] 武海斌[1] JIANG Lili;SUN Ruihong;ZHANG Ganyu;ZHANG Wensheng;GONG Qingtao;WU Haibin(Shandong Institute of Pomology,Tai’an Shandong 271000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省果树研究所,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2023年第9期1456-1465,共10页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(2017GNC13101)~~。

摘　　要：以自然生草为对照,研究苹果园行间连续3 a种植黑麦草、白三叶和长柔毛野豌豆对土壤理化性质及微生物群落结构的影响,并进行相关性分析。结果表明,苹果园连续生草3 a,可显著提高果园土壤养分含量、降低土壤pH。其中长柔毛野豌豆和白三叶处理的土壤碱解氮含量分别从2018年的42.26 mg/kg和18.38 mg/kg提升至2020年的61.94mg/kg和70.16 mg/kg,固氮作用显著。长柔毛野豌豆处理可在一定程度上提高土壤鞘氨醇单胞菌、木霉菌等有益菌的相对丰度。相关性分析发现,在生草条件下,适当提高果园土壤有效磷和有机质含量,降低pH,可在一定程度上降低青枯菌、白粉菌、刺盘孢属、葡萄穗霉属等病原菌的相对丰度,提高芽孢杆菌、溶杆菌等有益菌的相对丰度,有助于改良土壤微生态环境。Effects of Lolium perenne L.(LPL),Trifolium repens Linn.(TRL),and Vicia villosa R.(VVR)cultivation for 3 years on soil physicochemical properties and microbial community structure were studied and correlation was.The results showed that grass cultivation for 3 years in apple orchard could significantly increase soil nutrient content and decrease pH value.The soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen contents in TRL and VVR treatments increased from 42.26 mg/kg and 18.38 mg/kg in 2018 to 61.94 mg/kg and 70.16 mg/kg in 2020,respectively,significant nitrogen fixation effect.The relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Sphingomonas and Trichoderma increased the treatment of VVR.Correlation analysis found that under the condition of grass cultivation,improve the orchard available phosphorus and organic matter content,pH value properly reduce the relative abundance of disease pathogens such as Ralstonia,Blumeria,Colletotrichum and Stachybotrys,and increase the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bacillus and Lysobacter,and help improve soil micro-ecological environment.

关 键 词：果园生草 长柔毛野豌豆 微生物多样性 理化性质 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学] S154.3[农业科学—农业基础科学]