马铃薯苗期耐碱性鉴定方法及86份种质资源耐碱性综合评价  

Alkaline tolerance identification method of potato seedlings and comprehensive assessment of alkaline tolerance of 86 kinds of potato germplasms

作　　者：赵朋 陈广侠[1] 张宴萍 杨晓慧[1] 刘芳[1] 董道峰[1] ZHAO Peng;CHEN Guang-Xia;ZHANG Yan-Ping;YANG Xiao-Hui;LIU Fang;and DONG Dao-Feng(Institute of Vegetables,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,山东济南250100

出　　处：《作物学报》2023年第11期2923-2934,共12页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：山东省农业科学院创新人才及团队引进工程(“333工程”)项目(CXGC2021B17);山东省农业良种工程(2020LZGC003);山东省农业科学院创新工程-马铃薯种质资源创新及利用项目(CXGC2022C03)资助。

摘　　要：我国土地盐碱化问题十分严重,盐碱地面积达1亿公顷,其中可利用盐碱地约0.33亿公顷。选育耐盐碱农作物新品种是提高盐碱地利用率的有效手段。马铃薯耐盐碱研究集中在耐盐性,而耐碱性研究相对较少。本研究对5个马铃薯品种(系)组培苗在不同浓度NaHCO_(3)模拟碱胁迫下的株高、茎叶鲜重、根鲜重、生根率指标进行测定,统计不同浓度碱胁迫下各指标的变异系数,结合有效生长率,确定了马铃薯组培苗耐碱性鉴定最适浓度为5 mmol L^(–1) NaHCO_(3)。对86个马铃薯品种(系)进行5 mmol L^(–1) NaHCO_(3)碱胁迫,测定株高、茎叶鲜重、根鲜重、生根率指标耐碱系数,通过主成分分析和隶属函数转换,得出耐碱性综合评价A值,中薯3号A值最低,北方008 A值最高。耐碱性综合评价聚类分析结果表明86份马铃薯品种(系)可分为5组,其中强耐碱马铃薯品种(系)为北方008、SDP632、SDP562、SDP274、SDP869和SDP750。通过逐步回归分析建立了耐碱性综合评价A值与各表型指标耐碱系数之间的回归方程,A=0.214X_(1)+0.341X_(2)+0.398X_(3)–0.177X_(4)–0.026,4个自变量依次为株高、茎叶鲜重、根鲜重、生根率的耐碱系数。本研究建立的马铃薯组培苗耐碱性综合评价体系有助于马铃薯种质资源耐碱性初步评估,筛选出的碱胁迫敏感与高耐受种质材料为进一步研究马铃薯耐碱胁迫分子调控机理和抗碱胁迫育种奠定了基础。China is facing a serious land salinization problem.The area of saline-alkaline land reaches 100 million hectares,of which about 33 million hectares of saline-alkaline land could be used.Previous researches mostly concentrate on saline tolerance in potato,only a few research focuses on alkaline tolerance.In this study,the morphological traits such as plant height,shoot fresh weight,root fresh weight,and rooting rate of five different varieties of potato tissue culture seedlings under different concentrations of NaHCO_(3) simulated alkaline stress were measured,the corresponding coefficient of variation values were also calculated.Combined with coefficient of variation and the effective growth rate,the suitable simulated alkaline stress for alkaline tolerance assessment of potato tissue culture seedling was 5 mmol L^(–1) NaHCO_(3).Eighty-six kinds of tetraploid potato germplasms were treated with 5 mmol L^(–1) NaHCO_(3),alkaline tolerance coefficient of phenotypes including plant height,shoot fresh weight,root fresh weight,and rooting rate were measured.After principal component analysis and conversion by membership function,comprehensive assessment of alkaline tolerance(defined as A-value)was calculated.The A-values of Zhongshu 3 and Beifang 008 were the lowest and highest,respectively.Cluster analysis of comprehensive assessment of alkaline tolerance indicated that 86 kinds of tetraploid potato germplasms could be classified into 5 groups.Among them,the potato varieties(lines)with strong alkaline tolerance were Beifang 008,SDP632,SDP562,SDP274,SDP869,and SDP750.The regression equation between A-values and alkaline tolerance coefficients of phenotypes was established by stepwise regression analysis,A=0.214X_(1)+0.341X_(2)+0.398X_(3)-0.177X_(4)-0.026.The four independent variables were the alkaline-tolerance coefficient of plant height,fresh weight of stem and leaf,fresh weight of root,and rooting rate.The comprehensive assessment system of alkaline tolerance of potato tissue culture seedlings established in t

关 键 词：马铃薯 苗期 耐碱性 综合评价 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]