迈向“定制的正义”:民事诉讼程序简化的未来  

Towards“Customized Justice”:The Futures of Simplified Civil Litigation Procedures

作　　者：吴英姿 Wu Yingzi

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学法学院 [2]中国法治现代化研究院

出　　处：《法治现代化研究》2023年第4期33-48,共16页Law and Modernization

摘　　要：民事诉讼程序繁简分流改革存在盲点与难点。2021年民事诉讼法修改只是对改革阶段性成果的认可。程序简化的正当性不是在“成本—收益”解释框架下追求诉讼效率,而是遵循程序相称原理,为多元司法需求提供“定制的正义”。未来民事程序简化应当建立在民事程序科学分类基础上,按照两条路径分别推进:一是遵循略式程序法理补正督促程序、担保物权实现程序、司法确认程序规则,激活其繁简分流功能;二是针对当事人无实质争议的案件,以无庭审程序规则为核心构建民事速裁程序。可以对小额诉讼程序进行速裁化改造,增加简式救济机制,解除当事人和法官的后顾之忧。略式程序和无庭审程序与数字化司法的契合度高,可于此为电子诉讼规则的生长编织安全的“摇篮”。The reform of simplifying and bifurcating civil litigation procedures has some blind spots and faces some challenges.The 2021 amendment to the Civil Procedure Law only acknowledges the partial achievements of the reform.The legitimacy of procedural simplification is not pursued solely based on a“cost-benefit”framework for litigation efficiency,but rather follows the principle of procedural proportionality,aiming to provide“customized justice”for diverse judicial needs.In the future,the simplification of civil procedures should be based on a sound classification of civil procedures and advanced along two paths:firstly,by following the principles of summary procedure we should facilitate procedural corrections,realization of secured property rights,and judicial confirmation procedures,and activate the bifurcation between simple cases and complex ones;secondly,for cases where the parties have no substantive disputes,we should construct an expedited civil procedure with non-court hearing rules at its core.It is possible to transform small claims procedures into expedited processes,introduce simplified relief mechanisms,and alleviate concerns for the parties and judges.Summary procedures and non-court hearing procedures align well with digital justice and can serve as a secure“cradle”for the development of e-litigation rules.

关 键 词：繁简分流 程序相称 略式程序 无庭审程序 电子诉讼规则 

分 类 号：D925.1[政治法律—诉讼法学]