儿化词合音新义产生的认知机制  

On the Cognitive Mechanism of New Synonyms of Erhua Words

作　　者：陈钊 CHEN Zhao(Beijing Language and Culture University,Beijing 100083;Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387)

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学汉语国际教育研究院,北京100083 [2]天津师范大学国际教育交流学院,天津300387

出　　处：《汉语学习》2023年第4期104-112,共9页Chinese Language Learning

基　　金：汉语国际教育研究院创新基金项目“‘X儿’的象征图式化及认知机制研究”(项目编号:21YJY013)资助。

摘　　要：儿化是汉语常见的语言现象,本文运用认知语法的象征图式理论,探究儿化词能够改变词义产生新词的原因以及儿化合音背后的认知机制。研究表明,儿化词的结构形式为“自由语素+黏着语素”,依据词性不同儿化词可以分为“名词性成分+儿”“动词性成分+儿”等六类,其中又可以根据是否产生新的词汇意义分为单纯儿化和非单纯儿化,单纯儿化不会改变词义,非单纯儿化分别利用隐喻和转喻机制产生新词。儿化词语义极的自由/黏着结构同时也反映在语音极层面,在音节压制的作用下,“er”发生合音,由独立的音节变为黏着成分“-r”。Erhua word is a very common language phenomenon in Chinese,this dissertation uses the symbolic schema theory of cognitive grammar to discuss the reason why erhua words can change the meaning of words and generate new words and the cognitive mechanism behind the erhua consonants.The research in this dissertation shows that the erhua word is the structural form of“free morpheme+adhesive morpheme”.There are six categories of erhua words,such as“nominal composition+er”,“verbal component+er”.According to whether the new lexical meaning is generated,it can be divided into pure and non-pure.Pure erhua and will not change the meaning.Non-pure erhua generate new words by metaphor and metonymy mechanism respectively.At the same time,the free/adhesive structure of the semantic pole of erhua words is also reflected at the phonetic pole.Under the action of syllable suppression,“er”combines and changes from independent syllable to dependent morpheme“-r”.

关 键 词：儿化词 图式化 象征关系 自由/黏着语素 认知语法 

分 类 号：H146.1[语言文字—汉语]