拒不执行判决、裁定罪的追诉困境及其破解  

The Prosecution Dilemma of the Crime of Refusing to Execute Judgments and Rulings and its Crack

作　　者：杨慧妍 Yang Huiyan(School of Criminal Justice,East China University of Political science and Law,Shanghai 200042)

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学刑事法学院,上海200042

出　　处：《河南财经政法大学学报》2023年第5期135-146,共12页Journal of Henan University of Economics and Law

摘　　要：拒不执行判决、裁定罪的法定追诉模式共经历了“司法主动型”“职权配合型”和“自诉补充型”三种阶段。实践中,拒执罪的追诉程序启动困难,难以实现其解决“执行难”问题的刑事治理目标,具体表现为“职权配合型”追诉模式因职权异位向“司法主动型”追诉模式逆向发展,“自诉补充型”追诉模式因自诉制度的固有缺陷以及拒执罪的特殊性而无法发挥自诉权的救济作用。破解拒执罪的追诉困境,应当放眼追诉模式之外,从刑事诉权理论维度寻求方案,以“取消自诉,优化职权追诉”为突围路径,摒弃空置的自诉模式,在理顺拒执罪中公检法三机关权力逻辑的基础上,合理分配考核指标,加强调查权与侦查权衔接,激活检察机关的角色。The statutory prosecution model for the crime of refusing to execute the judgment or ruling has gone through three stages:“judicial initiative”,“authority cooperation”and“supplementary private prosecution”.In practice,since it is difficult to initiate prosecution procedures for the crime of refusing to execute the judgment or ruling,it is difficult to achieve its criminal governance objective of solving the problem of“difficulty of enforcement”,which is manifested by the fact that the“authority cooperation”mode of prosecution has developed in the opposite direction to the“judicial initiative”mode of prosecution due to the alienation of authority,and the“supplementary private prosecution”prosecution mode cannot play the relief role of the right of private prosecution,because of the inherent defects of the private prosecution system and the special nature of the crime of refusaling to execute the judgment or ruling.In order to break the prosecution dilemma of the crime of refusing to execute the judgment or ruling,we should look beyond the mode of prosecution,seek solutions from the criminal prosecution theoretical dimension,take“cancellation of the private prosecution,optimization the authority prosecution”as a breakthrough path,abandon the vacant private prosecution model,reasonably distribute assessment indicators based on straightening the power logic of the three organs of public security,procuratorate and court,strengthen the connection between the investigation of court executive boards and investigation power of public security organs,activate the role of the procuratorial organs.

关 键 词：拒不执行判决、裁定罪 刑事诉权 追诉 自诉 职权配合 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]