大高宽比浮放馆藏文物动力响应的安全控制指标研究  

Research on safety control index of dynamic response of freestanding cultural relics in museum with high aspect ratio

作　　者：葛家琪 杨维国[2] 张家铭 刘佩[2] 王萌[2] 马伯涛 GE Jiaqi;YANG Weiguo;ZHANG Jiaming;LIU Pei;WANG Meng;MA Botao(China Aviation Planning and Design Institute(Group)Company,Beijing 100120,China;School of Civil Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航空规划设计研究总院有限公司,北京100120 [2]北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《建筑结构学报》2023年第8期1-10,共10页Journal of Building Structures

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1521000);中央高校基本科研业务费重点专项(2020JBZ110)。

摘　　要：为了对大高宽比浮放馆藏文物抗摇摆和抗倾覆提出更有效的安全控制指标,对浮放陶瓷花瓶开展了振动台试验,得到了其发生摇摆的临界条件。建立了长方体和圆柱体两种空心花瓶的精细化有限元模型,并以试验结果加以验证。利用验证后的有限元模型开展数值分析,得到浮放文物启动摇摆和发生倾覆对应的地面峰值加速度临界值。基于能量平衡理论推导和对试验数据的拟合,提出了分别以峰值加速度和峰值速度作为安全控制指标的“双水准”浮放馆藏文物安全判别方法。结果表明:浮放文物启动摇摆的条件不依赖于地震波的频谱特性和文物底面形状,但发生倾覆的条件则与二者相关;地震的峰值加速度并不能作为判断浮放系统是否发生倾覆的充要条件,尤其对于频率较高的地震激励,以峰值加速度作为安全控制指标往往偏于保守;通过算例验证,提出的以地面峰值速度和地面峰值加速度为指标的判别准则具有良好的适用性和可靠性。In order to propose more effective safety control indexes for anti-rock and anti-overturning of cultural relics in freestanding collections with large aspect ratios,shake table tests were carried out on freestanding ceramic vases and the critical conditions for rocking of freestanding cultural relics were obtained.The refined finite element models of cuboid and cylindrical hollow vases were established and validated by experiments.The numerical analysis were carried out by using the validated finite element model,and the critical values of peak accelerations corresponding to the initial rocking and overturning of freestanding cultural relics were obtained.Based on the theoretical derivation of the energy balance equation and fitting with experimental data,the safety criterion of‘double-level’freestanding cultural relics was put forward,which takes peak ground acceleration and peak ground velocity as safety control index respectively.The results show that the conditions for starting rocking of freestanding cultural relics do not depend on the spectral characteristics of seismic waves or the shape of the relic bottom surface,but the conditions for overturning are related to them.The peak ground acceleration cannot be used as a necessary and sufficient condition to judge whether the freestanding system is overturned or not.Especially for high-frequency excitation,the safety index controlled by peak ground acceleration is often too conservative.Based on the verification of the example,the proposed criterion of peak ground velocity and peak ground acceleration is found to be applicable and reliable.

关 键 词：浮放文物 能量法 动力响应 有限元分析 安全控制指标 

分 类 号：P315.9[天文地球—地震学] TU312.3[天文地球—固体地球物理学]