运动对苏尼特羊肠道菌群、肠道上皮形态及肉品质的影响  

Effects of Exercise on Intestinal Microflora, Intestinal Epithelial Morphology and Meat Quality of Sunit Sheep

作　　者：张艳妮 刘婷 要铎 阿拉木斯 靳烨[1] 段艳[1] ZHANG Yanni;LIU Ting;YAO Duo;Alamos;JIN Ye;DUAN Yan(College of Food Science and Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;Agriculture,Animal Husbandry and Science and Technology Bureau of Urat Central Banne,Bayannur 015300,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学食品科学与工程学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古巴彦淖尔市乌拉特中旗农牧和科技局,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015300

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第4期566-572,共7页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2021MS03012);内蒙古自治区科技成果转化专项(2019CG066);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金重大专项(2020ZD11)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究运动对苏尼特羊肠道内环境及肉品质的影响。【方法】选取3月龄苏尼特羊12只,随机分为舍饲组(C组)和运动+舍饲组(T组),试验90 d后屠宰,测定2组苏尼特羊的肠道黏膜形态、肠道菌群结构、代谢产物(短链脂肪酸)含量、屠宰性能和肉品质等指标。【结果】T组苏尼特羊十二指肠和回肠的绒毛高度显著增加(P<0.05),回肠和结肠的隐窝深度显著降低(P<0.05);运动可显著提高苏尼特羊回肠的绒毛高度/隐窝深度值(P<0.05)。16S rDNA基因高通量测序显示:门水平上,拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)为苏尼特羊肠道内主要优势菌门,T组肠道内拟杆菌门相对丰度显著高于C组(P<0.05);属水平上,T组拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)和普雷沃菌属-1 (Prevotella-1)的相对丰度较C组显著增加(P<0.05)。T组肠道内丙酸含量显著高于C组(P<0.05)。与C组相比,T组的屠宰率、宰后24 h肌肉pH值和剪切力显著提高(P<0.05),色差值(L^(*)、a^(*)和b^(*))显著降低(P<0.05)。【结论】一定的运动量可以提高舍饲苏尼特羊回肠消化吸收能力,增加十二指肠上皮表面积,改变肠道内菌群结构,改善肠道内环境,提高屠宰率,但会使其背最长肌嫩度降低。[Purpose]To explore the effects of exercise on the intestinal environment and meat quality of Sunit sheep.[Methods]Twelve 3-month-old Sunite sheep were randomly divided into house feeding group(C group)and exercise+house feeding group(T group).They were slaughtered after 90 days of the experiment,and the indexes of intestinal mucosal morphology,intestinal flora structure,metabolites(short-chain fatty acids)content,slaughter performance,and meat quality of the two groups were determined.[Results]The villus height of duodenum and ileum of Sunit sheep in T group were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the crypt depth of ileum and colon were signific-antly decreased (P<0.05). Exercise significantly increased the villus height/crypt depth value of ileum of Sunit sheep (P<0.05). 16S rDNA gene high-throughput sequencing showed that at the phylum level, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the main dominant bacterial phyla in the gut of Sunit sheep, and the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in intestinal tract of T group was significantly higher than that of C group (P<0.05). At the genus level, the relative abundance of Bacteroides and Prevotella-1 in T group was significantly increased compared with that in C group (P<0.05). The intestinal pro-pionic acid content in T group was significantly higher than that in C group (P<0.05). Compared with C group, slaughter rate, pH value of muscle after slaughter 24 hours and shear force of T group were significantly increased (P<0.05), and color difference values (L^(*)0, a^(*), and b^(*)) were significantly de-creased (P<0.05). [Conclusion]A certain amount of exercise can improve the digestion and ab-sorption capacity of ileum of Sunit sheep fed in house, increase the duodenal epithelial surface area, change the structure of the intestinal flora and improve its intestinal environment, improve the slaughter rate, but make the tenderness of longissimus dorsi worse.

关 键 词：运动 肠道菌群 肠道上皮形态 短链脂肪酸 肉品质 

分 类 号：S826.1[农业科学—畜牧学]