户用炉具使用生物质炭化燃料的排放特征及其减排效果评估  

Emission characteristics of carbonized biomass fuel combustion in household stoves and its evaluation of emission reduction

作　　者：周宇光[1,2] 武如聪 于耀鸿 赵楠[1,2,3] 李陈[1,2] 董仁杰[1,2] Zhou Yuguang;Wu Rucong;Yu Yaohong;Zhao Nan;Li Chen;Dong Renjie(College of Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Clean Production and Utilization of Renewable Energy,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;School of Ecology and Environment,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学工学院,北京100083 [2]中国农业大学农业农村部可再生能源清洁化利用技术重点实验室,北京100083 [3]郑州大学生态与环境学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《可再生能源》2023年第9期1167-1173,共7页Renewable Energy Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(42177431);科技部创新方法工作专项项目(2020IM020900)。

摘　　要：文章对比研究了核桃壳和竹子两种生物质原料及其炭化燃料、颗粒燃料在户用炉具中使用时的排放特征和炊事热效率;探究了炭化燃料排放颗粒物的粒径分布;运用SEM观察了竹炭燃料燃烧排放PM_(2.5)和PM_(0.4)的微观形貌。测试结果表明:同颗粒燃料相比,两种炭化燃料基于单位有效能量的排放因子(PM_(2.5)和NO_(X))分别降低了75.5%~78.7%和56.3%~67.5%;相比原始生物质燃料,两种炭化燃料基于单位有效能量的排放因子(PM_(2.5)和NO_(X))分别降低了94.2%~95.1%和62.5%~71.6%;相比颗粒和原始生物质燃料,核桃壳炭化燃料的CO排放因子降低了29.3%~43.1%,但竹炭燃料的排放因子未降低。此外,炭化燃料炊事热效率高于颗粒和原始生物质燃料炊事热效率。颗粒物粒径分布显示,炭化燃料燃烧所排放的颗粒物以细颗粒物为主,其粒径分布峰值在0.4μm以下,占PM_(10)总质量的50%左右,而粒径小于2.5μm的颗粒物则占PM_(10)总质量的80%以上。The cooking thermal efficiency and emission characteristics of carbonized fuel,pellet fuel and raw biomass of walnut shell and bamboo were studied and compared by burning in the same stove;and the size distributions of particulate matter from combustion of carbonized fuel was characterized.The micro-morphological figures of PM_(2.5) and PM0.4 of emitted from the combustion of carbonized bamboo were observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The results showed that,the effective energy delivered-based emissions factors(PM_(2.5) and NO_(X))of the two carbonized fuels reduced by 75.5%~78.7%and 56.3%~67.5%,respectively compared with pellet fuel;and the effective energy delivered-based emissions factors(PM_(2.5) and NO_(X))of the two carbonized fuels were reduced by 94.2%~95.1%and 62.5%~71.6%,respectively compared with raw biomass fuel.The effective energy delivered-based emission factors of CO of carbonized walnut shell fuel were reduced by 29.3%~43.1%compared with pellet fuel and raw biomass;and the CO emission factor of bamboo carbonized bamboo fuel did not decrease.In addition,the cooking thermal efficiency of carbonized fuel was higher than that of pellets and raw biomass fuel.The size distributions of particulate matter showed that,the combustion emission of carbonized fuel was mainly consisting of fine particles,and the peak value of particle size distribution figure showed that particles smaller than 0.4μm,which accounted for about 50%of the total mass of PM10;the emitted particles smaller than 2.5μm accounted for more than 80%of the total mass of PM10.

关 键 词：生物质炭化燃料 户用炉具 细颗粒物 排放因子 污染物减排 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能] S216[农业科学—农业机械化工程]