放射性废物分拣流程在某城市废物库的应用  

Application of the sorting technology for decommissioned radioactive waste in an urban radioactive waste repository

作　　者：涂兴明[1] 文富平[1] 王绍林[1] TU Xingming;WEN Fuping;WANG Shaolin(China Institute of Atomic Energy,Beijing 102413 China)

机构地区：[1]中国原子能科学研究院,北京102413

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2023年第3期311-315,共5页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

摘　　要：目的建立一套放射性废物分拣流程。方法依据我国现行的法律法规、标准、废物最小化相关要求和国内良好实践,将放射性废物和非放射性废物进行区分,根据后续放射性废物处置方法的不同对放射性废物实施进一步分拣,详细描述了分拣流程各部分的注意事项。结果将这套流程应用于某城市废物库退役放射性废物分拣过程中,完成了约83 t放射性废物和1173枚废放射源分拣工作,取得了良好的效果。结论良好的放射性废物分拣既能区分放射性废物和非放射性废物,又能为后续放射性废物的处置提供便利,较好实现放射性废物最小化,保护工作人员和环境。Objective To establish a radioactive waste sorting process.Methods According to the current laws,regulations,standards,waste minimization requirements,and domestic good practices,the non-radioactive waste and radioactive waste were distinguished,and the radioactive waste was further sorted according to the different subsequent disposal methods of radioactive waste.The precautions for each step of the sorting process were described in detail.Results This process has been used in sorting decommissioned radioactive waste in an urban waste repository and achieved good results.Approximately 83 tons of radioactive waste and 1173 waste radioactive sources were sorted.Conclusion Good radioactive waste sorting technology can not only distinguish between radioactive and non-radioactive waste,but also facilitate the subsequent disposal of radioactive waste,which minimizes radioactive waste and protects staff and the environment.

关 键 词：城市废物库 分拣 放射性废物 

分 类 号：X591[环境科学与工程—环境工程]