羁押必要性审查制度的实践困境与立法完善  

The Practical Dilemma and Legislative Consummation of the Detention Necessity Review System

作　　者：王佩芬[1] Wang Peifen

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院法学研究所

出　　处：《青少年犯罪问题》2023年第4期74-84,共11页Issues on Juvenile Crimes and Delinquency

基　　金：上海市依法治市办委托课题“司法执行体制改革研究”(项目编号:KT2020085)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：自羁押必要性审查制度设立以来,其运行模式历经三次变化,目前仍存在诸多理论争议和适用难题,限制了其制度功能的充分发挥。要解决当前羁押必要性审查制度实践中存在的主体中立性不足、审查标准不够科学明晰、审查流程有待完善以及审查效力缺少刚性等问题,明确羁押必要性审查制度的功能定位和审查标准是关键。建议通过修改《刑事诉讼法》,依托听证会制度,明确羁押必要性审查制度兼具“检察监督”与“司法审查”双重功能;修改《人民检察院刑事诉讼规则》,区别规定羁押必要性审查的立案标准与裁定标准,最大限度减少不必要的羁押;完善审查的主体、程序、效力及救济途径等制度运行模式的具体内容,对羁押必要性审查制度进行立法完善。Since the establishment of the detention necessity review system,its operation mode has undergone three changes,and there are still many theoretical controversies and application problems,which limit the full play of the system′s functions.In order to solve the practical dilemmas of the current detention necessity review system,such as the lack of neutrality of the subject,the lack of scientific clarity of the review standard,the need to improve the review process and the lack of rigidity of the review effect,it is crucial to clarify the functional positioning and review standard of the detention necessity review system.It is suggested that the Criminal Procedure Law should be amended to clarify the dual functions of "procuratorial supervision" and "judicial review" of the detention necessity review system by relying on the hearing system;meanwhile,the Rules of Criminal Procedure of the People's Procuratorate should be amended to stipulate the criteria for filing and ruling on the review of the necessity of detention,to minimize unnecessary detention,and to improve the specific contents of the system's operation mode such as the subjects,procedures,effects and remedies of the review.so as to improve the legislation of the detention necessity review system.

关 键 词：羁押必要性审查 审查主体 审查标准 功能定位 听证会制度 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]