独立励磁直流发电系统优化控制方法比较  

Comparative study on optimal control methods of independent excitation DC power generation system

作　　者：夏宇航 王宇[1] XIA Yuhang;WANG Yu(College of Automation Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学自动化学院,南京210016

出　　处：《航空学报》2023年第16期186-198,共13页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51977107,U2141227);江苏省六大人才高峰(XNYQC-005);航空科学基金(2020HKZ0001)。

摘　　要：传统的电压环比例积分(PI)控制无法兼顾直流(DC)发电系统的稳态和动态性能,一种电容能量平衡控制(CEC)方法被提出用以提升独立励磁直流发电系统的动态性能,CEC外环仍然采用PI控制。提出一种基于负载反馈的广义预测控制(GPC)方法,与PI控制框架下的电容能量控制方法进行比较研究。从原理上分析了CEC与GPC方法的特点,指出CEC方法的高比例增益能够加速系统动态响应,但外环的积分环节与负载电流反馈相冲突,会影响系统的电压稳态精度。分别构建CEC与GPC方法下的系统传递函数,从抗负载电流扰动的角度进行控制参数优化设计,并进行仿真验证,讨论了电容参数失配对2种控制方法的影响。最后,通过对比实验验证了本文对2种优化控制方法分析的正确性。实验结果表明:优化控制参数后的GPC与CEC方法在动态性能上优于传统的电压环PI控制,且相较于CEC,GPC拥有更强的鲁棒性。Traditional voltage loop Proportional Integral(PI)control cannot take into account the steady-state and dy⁃namic performance of the Direct Current(DC)power generation system.The Capacitor-Energy-based Control(CEC)method is proposed to improve the dynamic performance of the independently excited DC power generation system.The CEC outer loop still uses PI control.In this paper,a Generalized Predictive Control(GPC)method is proposed based on load feedback.The GPC method is compared with the CEC method based on the PI control framework.The characteristics of CEC and GPC methods are analyzed in terms of principles.It is found that the high proportional gain of the CEC method can accelerate the dynamic response of the system,but the integration link of the outer loop conflicts with the load current feedback,which will affect the voltage steady-state accuracy of the system.The system transfer functions for the CEC and GPC methods are constructed.The control parameters are optimized to eliminate anti-load current disturbance,and the simulation verification is carried out.The influence of capacitor parameter mis⁃match on the two control methods is discussed.Finally,the comparative experiment verifies the correctness of the analysis of the two optimal control methods in this paper.The experimental results show that the GPC and CEC meth⁃ods with optimized control parameters are better than the traditional voltage-loop PI control in dynamic performance,and GPC has stronger robustness than CEC.

关 键 词：直流发电系统 动态性能 比例积分控制 电容能量控制 广义预测控制 抗负载扰动 参数优化 

分 类 号：V242.2[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计] TM721.1[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]