蚌埠市3岁儿童乳牙龋病综合干预效果分析  

Effectiveness of comprehensive intervention on primary dental caries in 3-year-old children in Bengbu

作　　者：潘树矿[1] 孙雨桐 胡梦甜 丁凤 徐晖[1] 孙田力[1] PAN Shukuang;SUN Yutong;HU Mengtian;DING Feng;XU Hui;SUN Tianli(Department of Stomatology,the Third People's Hospital of Bengbu,Bengbu(233000),Anhui Province,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省蚌埠市第三人民医院口腔科,233000

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2023年第7期1099-1102,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(202104j07020024)。

摘　　要：目的 了解蚌埠市3岁儿童预防乳牙龋齿综合干预的效果,为其口腔龋病的预防、保健和治疗提供参考。方法使用抽签法选取蚌埠市5个区的10所公立幼儿园2021年刚入园的3岁儿童进行龋齿检查,随机分为干预组300名、对照组300名,初查时记录两组的龋齿、缺失牙、充填牙即龋失补(dmf)情况,并对干预组实施龋齿干预措施(包括宣教、饮食、自我清洁和涂氟干预),对照组不加任何干预措施;半年后进行复查。采用χ^(2)检验比较两组发病数和龋失补均数。结果 干预前,对照组共43名儿童患龋,dmf共88颗,其中男生dmf共44颗,女生dmf共44颗;干预组共45名儿童患龋,dmf共101颗,其中男生dmf共49颗,女生dmf共52颗;干预组和对照组龋齿dmf数差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.91,P>0.05),在发病率(15.0%,14.3%)上差异也无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.05,P>0.05)。干预后,干预组新发龋齿人数共计26名,dmf共43颗,其中男生dmf共25颗,女生dmf共18颗;对照组新发龋齿人数83名,dmf共168颗,其中男生dmf共72颗,女生dmf共96颗;干预组与对照组新发dmf数差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=75.38,P<0.05);干预组与对照组新发龋齿检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=36.42,P<0.05)。结论 预防龋齿的综合干预措施能够降低儿童乳牙龋齿的发生率。建议尽早干预,降低儿童龋齿和口腔其他疾病的发生率。Objective To explore the effectiveness of the comprehensive intervention on prevention of deciduous primary caries in 3-year-old children,so as so provide reference for the prevention,health care and treatment of oral caries.Methods Three-year-old children selected by drawing lots from 10 public kindergartens in 5 districts of Bengbu were examined in 2021,and were randomly divided into intervention group(n=300)and control group(n=300).During the initial examination,caries loss(dmf)including dental caries,missing teeth,filling teeth were assessed in the two groups.At the initial examination,the intervention group received caries intervention while no intervention was administered in the non-intervention group until half a year later.Intervention measures included education,diet,self-cleaning and fluoride application intervention.The number of cases and the mean of caries loss in the two groups were compared byχ^(2) test.Results Before the intervention,43 children in the control group suffered from caries,with 88 dmf,including 44 dmf for boys and 44 dmf for girls.There were 45 children in the intervention group,with 101 dmf,including 49 dmf for boys and 52 dmf for girls.There was no significant difference in the number of dmf between the intervention group and the control group(χ^(2)=0.91,P>0.05),and there was no significant difference in the prevalence rate(15.0%,14.3%,χ^(2)=0.05,P>0.05).After the intervention,there were 26 new dental caries and 43 dmf in intervention group,including 25 dmf for boys and 18 dmf for girls.In the control group,there were 83 new dental caries and 168 dmf,including 72 dmf for boys and 96 dmf for girls.Compared with the control group,the new dmf in the intervention group was significantly different(χ^(2)=75.38,P<0.05).The number of new dental caries patients in the intervention group was significantly different from that in the control group(χ^(2)=36.42,P<0.05).Conclusion Comprehensive interventions to prevent dental caries can significantly reduce the incidence of primary teeth ca

关 键 词：牙 乳 龋齿 干预性研究 龋失补指数 儿童 学龄前 

分 类 号：R788.1[医药卫生—口腔医学] R179[医药卫生—临床医学]