中国2010—2020年儿童青少年伤害死亡流行特征  

Epidemiological characteristics of injury deaths among children and adolescents in China, 2010-2020

作　　者：骆小波 张莉[1] 王文菊 杨君利 常悦 LUO Xiaobo;ZHANG Li;WANG Wenju;YANG Junli;CHANG Yue(School of Public Health,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang(550025),China;不详)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州医科大学医药卫生管理学院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2023年第8期1247-1251,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：贵州省科技厅计划项目(-ZK[2021]一般499)。

摘　　要：目的 了解中国2010—2020年1~24岁儿童青少年伤害死亡流行特征,为控制儿童青少年伤害死亡相关政策和措施的制定提供依据。方法 数据资料来源于2010—2020年《中国死因监测数据集》,采用Joinpoint回归分析2010—2020年中国1~24岁儿童青少年伤害死亡的年度变化百分比(APC)和平均年度变化百分比(AAPC)。结果 2010—2020年间伤害标化死亡率总体呈现下降趋势(AAPC=-6.90%,t=4.58,P<0.01)。男生和农村伤害标化死亡率总体均呈现下降趋势(AAPC值分别为-8.37%,-7.79%,t值分别为11.87,10.34);20~24岁在2010—2018年间呈现上升趋势(APC=18.11%,t=6.50)(P<0.01)。总体标化伤害死亡率男生高于女生,农村高于城市(χ^(2)值分别为16 483.64,3 268.65,P值均<0.01)。交通事故、意外中毒、火灾、溺水、其他和他杀及后遗症的伤害总体标化死亡率均呈现下降趋势(AAPC值分别为-10.22%,-6.21%,-7.50%,-7.94%,-9.01%,-10.97%,t值分别为16.23,7.29,2.53,9.32,7.88,4.58,P值均<0.05)。结论 2010—2020年间,中国1~24岁儿童青少年伤害总体标化死亡率呈现下降趋势,但仍处于较高水平。应持续加大预防力度,尤其是对城市地区、女性和20~24岁群体,以及意外跌落和自杀的预防控制。Objective To explore the epidemic characteristics of injury-related deaths in children and adolescents aged 1-24 years old in China from 2010 to 2020,so as to provide a basis for the formulation of policies and measures related to the control of injuries and deaths among children and adolescents.Methods The data were sourced from the China Death Cause Monitoring Dataset from 2010 to 2020.Annual percentage change(APC)and average annual percentage change(AAPC)of injury deaths in China in this age group during the period 2010 to 2020 were analyzed by Join point regression.Results From 2010 to 2020,the standardized death rate of injury showed a decreasing trend(AAPC=-6.90%,t=4.58,P<0.01).The standardized death rates of male and rural injuries showed an overall downward trend,with AAPC rates of-8.37%and-7.79%(t=11.87,10.34,P<0.01).An increasing trend was observed in the 20-24 year-old age group during 2010-2018(APC=18.11%,t=6.50,P<0.01).The death rate from injuries was higher in males than females,and higher in rural areas compared with urban areas(χ^(2)=16483.64,3268.65,P<0.01).A downward trend was observed in accidental falls and suicide,the overall standardized mortality rate of traffic accidents,accidental poisoning,fire,drowning,homicide and other injuries(AAPC=-10.22%,-6.21%,-7.50%,-7.94%,-9.01%,-10.97%,t=16.23,7.29,2.53,9.32,7.88,4.58,P<0.05).Conclusion From 2010 to 2020,the overall injury standardized mortality rate in the 1-24 year-old age group shows a decreasing trend,but it remains at a relatively high level.Prevention efforts should be continuously strengthened,especially for urban areas,and should focus on women and those aged 20-24 years old,as well as accidental falls and suicide prevention.

关 键 词：创伤和损伤 死亡率 流行病学研究 儿童 青少年 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] B845.67[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R821.36[哲学宗教—心理学]