青少年拒学研究的历史沿革与我国解决学校出勤问题的干预模型建构  

Evolution of the Research on Adolescents School Refusal and the Construction of a Model for Solving School Attendance Problem in China

作　　者：阮琳燕 任彦名 师艳荣[2] 何丽[1] RUAN Linyan;REN Yanming;SHI Yanrong;HE Li(Teachers′College,Beijing Union University,Beijing 100011,China;Institute for Asia-Pacific Cooperation and Development,Tianjin Academy of Social Sciences,Tianjin 300191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京联合大学师范学院,北京100011 [2]天津社会科学院亚太合作与发展研究所,天津300191

出　　处：《北京教育学院学报》2023年第4期61-74,共14页Journal of Beijing Institute of Education

基　　金：2022年度北京市属高校教师队伍建设支持计划优秀青年人才项目“青少年学校出勤问题的跨学科生态干预”(BPHR202203224);北京联合大学高级别孵化项目“学校出勤困难青少年‘陪伴干预’路径探索”(SK20202303)。

摘　　要：全世界近五分之一的青少年存在不上学现象,国外一般将此问题概括为拒绝上学,即拒学,且在近百年的研究中已经建构了相对完善的理论和实践体系。我国青少年拒学现象日益严重,然而相关的研究尚处于起步状态,还未引起学者及政府部门的足够重视。从时间维度梳理了拒学相关概念由逃学、学校恐惧症、分离焦虑、拒绝上学、拒绝上学行为再到学校出勤问题的历史演变过程;从地区维度概括了欧洲和日本对青少年拒学问题的研究脉络和重点。据此,呼吁通过高度回观学校出勤问题和分析青少年拒学议题,探究青少年拒学问题责任主体变迁背后的学科基础和实践逻辑,进而提出我国识别、干预和预防青少年拒学问题的实践体系及理论基础。Nearly one-fifth of adolescents in the world have the problem of absenteeism.This problem is generally categorized as school refusal,which has constructed a relatively complete theoretical and practical system in nearly one-hundred-year research.The same phenomenon has been increasingly serious in China,but the relevant studies are still in an early stage,which have not been paid equal attention from academic scholars and government officials.This study has combed through the evolution of relevant concepts from truancy,school phobia,separation anxiety,school refusal,school refusal behavior and school attendance problem;it also summarized the main line of research and the key points of adolescent school refusal in European countries and Japan.Based on this,this paper calls to review the school attendance problem and analyze the issue of school refusal,to explore the subject basis and practical logic behind the evolution of the responsible subject for adolescent school refusal,and to put forward the practical system and theoretical basis for identifying,intervening and preventing school attendance problem in China.

关 键 词：拒绝上学(拒学) 拒绝上学行为 逃学 厌学 学校出勤问题 责任主体 

分 类 号：G444[哲学宗教—心理学]