叶面施氮对芹菜叶绿素含量及代谢有关基因表达的影响  

Effects of foliar application of nitrogen fertilizer on chlorophyll content and expression of metabolism-related genes in celery

作　　者：陈晨 陈雪琼 陈月珍[3] 冯顾城 束胜[1,4] 王俐翔 陶建平 谭国飞 陈姝妍 刘佩卓 王雅慧 熊爱生 CHEN Chen;CHEN Xueqiong;CHEN Yuezhen;FENG Gucheng;SHU Sheng;WANG Lixiang;TAO Jianping;TAN Guofei;CHEN Shuyan;LIU Peizhuo;WANG Yahui;XIONG Aisheng(College of Horticulture,Nanjing Agricultural University,National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics&Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China,Nanjing 210095,China;Nanjing Lishui District Huacheng Vegetable Cooperatives,Nanjing 211200,China;Huaian Institute of Vegetable Sciences,Jiangsu 223021,China;Suqian Facility Horticulture Research Institute,Suqian Research Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University,Suqian,Jiangsu 223800,China;Institute of Horticulture,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,作物遗传与种质创新利用全国重点实验室,农业农村部华东地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室,南京210095 [2]南京市溧水区华成蔬菜专业合作社,南京211200 [3]淮安市蔬菜科学研究所,江苏淮安223021 [4]宿迁市设施园艺研究院(南京农业大学宿迁研究院),江苏宿迁223800 [5]贵州省农业科学院园艺研究所,贵阳550006

出　　处：《植物生理学报》2023年第8期1533-1542,共10页Plant Physiology Journal

基　　金：江苏省重点研发计划(BE2022386);江苏省种业振兴“揭榜挂帅”项目(JBGS[2021]068);宿迁市重点研发项目(L202108);淮安市重点研发项目(HAN202108);江苏高校优势学科建设项目(PAPD)。

摘　　要：芹菜(Apium graveolens)是我国重要的绿叶类蔬菜,营养丰富,品种多样。芹菜食用部位的叶绿素含量是衡量其品质的重要指标之一。为研究叶面喷施不同浓度氮肥对芹菜叶绿素含量及代谢相关基因表达的影响,本文以‘紫衣仙子’‘赛雪’‘四季西芹’‘黄太极’‘宁芹1号’五个品种的芹菜为材料,开展不同浓度氮肥叶面喷施处理试验。通过比较分析各组芹菜植株表型差异,测定芹菜叶片中叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素含量及叶绿素代谢相关基因表达量,发现:5、20和50 g·L^(-1)的氮肥处理分别促进了芹菜叶片中叶绿素a、总叶绿素及叶绿素b的积累,且20 g·L^(-1)氮肥处理提升了各试验芹菜品种中叶绿素含量。氮肥喷施对各品种芹菜中叶绿素含量的影响存在一定差异,‘赛雪’在20 g·L^(-1)氮肥喷施后叶绿素含量显著提高。5 g·L^(-1)氮肥可促进叶绿素代谢相关基因表达;20 g·L^(-1)氮肥喷施主要提高叶绿素合成相关基因Agglt X、Ag HEML、Ag HEMA的表达量,显著增加芹菜叶绿素含量;50 g·L^(-1)氮肥对叶绿素降解相关基因Ag HCAR、Ag PAO表达下调作用更明显,且能促进叶绿素a含量/叶绿素b含量比值提升。研究对促进芹菜叶绿素含量的最适氮肥处理浓度的结果进行了分析,并结合叶绿素代谢相关基因表达对其分子机制进行了探讨。Celery(Apium graveolens)is an important green leaf vegetable with rich nutrition and various cultivars.The chlorophyll content of edible part is one of the important evaluation indexes of celery quality.In order to study the effect of different concentrations of nitrogen fertilizer on chlorophyll content and chlorophyll metabolism–related gene expression levels in celery,five cultivars of celery,‘Ziyi Xianzi’,‘Saixue’,‘Siji Xiqin’,‘Huangtaiji’and‘Ningqin No.1’,were used as materials to carry out foliar spraying experiments with different concentrations of nitrogen fertilizer.We compared the phenotypic differences of celery plants,determined the contents of chlorophyll a(Chl a),chlorophyll b(Chl b)and total chlorophyll,and analyzed the expression levels of genes related to chlorophyll metabolism in each group.The results were found as follow:the contents of Chl a,total chlorophyll and Chl b in celery leaf blades were increased by 5,20 and 50 g·L^(-1)nitrogen fertilizer.The chlorophyll contents were increased under 20 g·L^(-1)nitrogen fertilizer treatment in all celery cultivars.There were some differences in the effects of nitrogen spraying on the chlorophyll contents of celery cultivars.The chlorophyll content of‘Saixue’increased significantly after 20g·L^(-1)nitrogen spraying.The 5 g·L^(-1)nitrogen fertilizer promoted the expression of metabolism-related genes.The 20 g·L^(-1)nitrogen fertilizer promoted the expression levels of Agglt X,Ag HEML and Ag HEMA genes related to chlorophyll synthesis,and the content of chlorophyll in celery was significantly increased.The 50 g·L^(-1)nitrogen fertilizer reduced the expression levels of Ag HCAR and Ag PAO genes related to chlorophyll degradation,and the Chl a/Chl b ratio was increased.This study analyzed the optimal nitrogen concentration to promote the chlorophyll content of celery,and discussed its molecular mechanism combined with the expression of genes related to chlorophyll metabolism in celery.

关 键 词：芹菜 氮肥 叶面喷施 叶绿素 代谢 基因表达 

分 类 号：S636.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]