康有为早年经学思想演变  

The Evolution of Kang Youwei's Early Confucian Thought

作　　者：傅正 Fu Zheng

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院哲学研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《历史研究》2023年第3期68-90,M0005,共24页Historical Research

摘　　要：康有为早年受多种学说影响:其一,常州学派的“三科九旨”,构成康氏今文学的主干;其二,廖平割裂周孔,认定孔子之道不在三代而在未来,成为康氏历史进步论的前提;其三,佛学、庄学和荀学为康氏大同说提供了学理基础;其四,推行法家富国强兵之术,被康氏视为中国从据乱世跻于升平世的当务之急。康有为改宗今文学后,杂糅了常州学派和廖平学说。他以廖平学说为准绳,将“三科九旨”改造为历史进步的三阶段,并将大同学说和富强之术分派进不同的历史阶段。因此,康氏今文学既暗藏诸子学倾向,又包裹了近代文明史观的内容,客观上推动晚清经学走向衰亡。In his early years,Kang Youwei was influenced by various schools of thought.Firstly,the"Three Subjects and Nine Tenets"of the Changzhou School formed the backbone of Kang's New Text Confucianism.Secondly,Liao Ping's theory of dividing Zhou Gong and Confucius,which emphasized the future rather than the restoration of ancient politics,served as the basis for Kang's theory of historical progress.Thirdly,Buddhism,Zhuangzi Doctrine,and Xunzi Doctrine provided the theoretical foundation for the concept of the Great Harmony.Fourthly,the Legalist approach of enriching the country and strengthening the military was seen as a crucial task for China to transition from a period of chaos to stability.After embracing New Text Confucianism,Kang Youwei incorporated elements of the Changzhou School and Liao Ping's theory.He transformed the"Three Subjects and Nine Tenets"into three stages of historical progress based on Liao Ping's theory and assigned the concepts of the Great Harmony and the strategy for state wealth and power to different historical stages.As a result,Kang's New Text Confucianism not only encompassed various schools of thought,but also encapsulated elements of modern historiography.It objectively contributed to the decline of Confucian classics during the late Qing Dynasty.

关 键 词：康有为 公羊学 廖平 孔子改制 文明史观 

分 类 号：B258[哲学宗教—中国哲学]