干旱区绿洲城市生态环境时空格局变化及影响因子研究  

Spatio-temporal changes and influencing factors of ecological environments in oasis cities of arid regions

作　　者：排日海·合力力 昝梅[1,2] PARIHA Helili;ZAN Mei(College of Geography and Tourism,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi 830054,China;Xinjiang Laboratory of Lake Environment and Resources in Arid Zone,Urumqi 830054,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,乌鲁木齐830054 [2]新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《自然资源遥感》2023年第3期201-211,共11页Remote Sensing for Natural Resources

基　　金：新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源重点实验室开放课题“玛纳斯湖湖滨植被水分利用效率对干旱胁迫的影响研究”(编号:XJDX0909-2021-01);新疆师范大学博士科研启动基金项目“新疆森林碳储量影响因子研究”(编号:XJNUBS2003)共同资助。

摘　　要：城市作为人类生活和生产的核心区域,其生态环境质量越来越受到人们关注,特别是生态环境脆弱的干旱区城市。在新疆的南疆和北疆2个典型绿洲城市(乌鲁木齐市和喀什市)分别选取研究区,基于Google Earth Engine(GEE)构建2个城市遥感生态指数(remote sensing ecological index,RSEI),比较2000年、2010年和2020年2个研究区生态环境质量的时空变化特征,并利用随机森林模型定量分析2个研究区RSEI的影响因素。结果表明:①近20 a间研究区1生态环境质量变差,研究区2生态环境质量变好,研究区1生态环境改善的区域集中在城市中心的老城区,而城区外围的新建区生态环境变差,研究区2东北部生态环境明显改善,而城市中心周围的新建区生态环境质量变差;②植被覆盖度是影响2个研究区RSEI最重要的因子,气温和降水量是影响2个研究区RSEI次重要的因子,影响因子对2个研究区RSEI的影响范围有所差异;③近20 a间研究区1城市规模的扩大、不透水面的增加和植被覆盖度的减小是生态环境变差的主要原因,而研究区2城市化与绿色健康城市发展模式共同推进的举措对生态环境质量的改善发挥了重要作用。研究结果可以为研究区城市健康发展提供科学依据。Cities are core areas for human life and production.The ecological environment quality is a growing concern in cities,especially cities with fragile ecological environments in arid regions.This study selected 2 study areas from two typical oasis cities,namely Urumqi City in northern Xinjiang and Kashgar City in southern Xinjiang.It compared the spatio-temporal changes in the ecological environment quality of the two study areas in 2000,2010,and 2020 using two urban remote sensing-based ecological indices(RSEIs)constructed based on the Google Earth Engine(GEE).Furthermore,it quantitatively analyzed the factors influencing the RESIs of the two cities using the random forest model.The results are as follows:①Over the past 20 years,the ecological environment quality in study area 1 worsened but that in study area 2 improved overall.In study area 1,the ecological environment improved mainly in the old urban area and deteriorated in the newly built area at the periphery of the urban area.In study area 2,the ecological environment significantly improved in the northeastern part and deteriorated in the newly built area around the city center.②The fractional vegetation cover is the most critical factor influencing RESIs of both study areas,followed by temperature and precipitation.These influencing factors had different influences on the RSEIs of the two study areas.③The primary reasons for the deterioration of the ecological environment in study area 1 included the expanded urban scale,the increased impervious surfaces,and the decreased fractional vegetation cover in the past 20 years are.In contrast,urbanization and green and healthy urban development pattern jointly played a significant role in improving the ecological environment quality in study area 2.The results of this study can provide a scientific basis for healthy urban development in both study areas.

关 键 词：乌鲁木齐市 喀什市 RSEI GEE 随机森林 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]