卡佛小说叙事与纳博科夫小说叙事同构性研究  

Isomorphism in Narrative Between Carver's and Nabokov's Fictions

作　　者：邱畅 QIU Chang

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学国际交流处,辽宁沈阳110036

出　　处：《外语与外语教学》2023年第3期136-144,150,共10页Foreign Languages and Their Teaching

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目“纳博科夫小说叙事的东方元素研究”(项目编号:17YJC752025);辽宁省教育厅科学研究青年科研人才“育苗”项目“卡佛小说叙事与纳博科夫小说叙事同构性研究”(项目编号:LQN202025)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：卡佛以现实主义短篇小说见长,在小说中细腻真实地刻画人物,以真情实感反映社会底层小人物的生活状态和内心感受。在叙事方面,卡佛追求极简叙事风格,以朴素的叙事手法叙述事件、描写人物,在简洁中产生直击心灵的叙事效果。纳博科夫撰写多部后现代主义长篇小说,以精准的笔触刻画现实中人们的人生经历与心理状态。纳博科夫在小说中展现精湛的后现代主义叙事手法,不仅叙事风格独树一帜,而且有效烘托小说情节和人物性格。虽然二者分属于不同创作时期和社会背景,但是小说运用的叙事手法具有同构性,均采用不可靠的叙述者、第一人称叙述视角、交错的叙事时间以及疏离的叙事空间,并且其上述叙事策略的运用方式、叙事目的和叙事效果均具有同构性。Carver excels at short realistic novels,which vividly describe characters,reflect life and feelings of grassroots in the society.In terms of narrative,Carver pursues simple narrative to narrate plots and depict characters,which impacts the innermost in a simple way.Nabokov has written many novels,depicting people's life experiences and psychological states vividly.Nabokov's novels are full of postmodern narrative techniques,which are not only unique to Nabokov,but also vigorously supportive to plots and characters.Even though the two writers live in different times and under different social backgrounds,there are similarities between their narratives,including unreliable narrator,first point of view,crossed narrative time and isolated narrative space.In addition,above narrative techniques are endowed with same patterns,purposes and effects.

关 键 词：叙述者 叙述视角 叙事时间 叙事空间 同构性 

分 类 号：I06[文学—文学理论]