从原型范畴视角看河北孟村方言量词“棵”与名词的搭配  

On the Collocation of Quantifier“Ke”and Nouns in Mengcun Dialect from the Perspective of Prototype Category

作　　者：董淑慧[1] 刘燕 DONG Shu-hui;LIU Yan(School of Chinese Language and Culture,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China;School of International Education Exchange,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学汉语言文化学院,天津300071 [2]天津师范大学国际教育交流学院,天津300382

出　　处：《沧州师范学院学报》2023年第3期34-38,共5页Journal of Cangzhou Normal University

基　　金：2021年度南开大学文科发展基金项目“完形心理学视域下汉语待嵌格式研究及学习词典(APP)的编纂”,编号:No.ZB21BZ0102。

摘　　要：从认知语言学角度来说,量词与名词的搭配实质上是量词对名词代表的概念的范畴化。相比于普通话,河北孟村方言的量词“棵”所修饰的名词范围更广泛,除植物(蔬菜、庄稼、花草、树木)外,还可以修饰“植物果实”“身体器官毛发”“日用物品”“食物”等。“棵”范畴化的原型成员具有[+细长条][+植物][+植株]三个语义特征,非原型成员具有其中的一个或几个语义特征。从原型成员到非原型成员,“棵”通过隐喻、转喻等方式来实现范畴的扩张。From the perspective of cognitive linguistics,the collocation of quantifiers and nouns is essentially a categorization of the concepts represented by nouns by quantifiers.Compared with mandarin,“Ke,”the quantifier in Mengcun dialect modifies a wider range of nouns.Besides plants(including vegetables,crops,flowers and trees),it can also modify fruits,body parts such as hair,daily necessities,food and so on.Members of“Ke”category have three semantic features:[+strip][+plant][+vegetable].Non-prototype members have one or more of these semantic features.From prototype members to non-prototype members,the category of“Ke”can be expanded by means of metaphor and metonymy.

关 键 词：范畴化 孟村方言 棵 比较 

分 类 号：H172[语言文字—汉语]