施氮对阔叶红松林土壤微生物多样性和群落结构的影响  

Influence of Different Nitrogen Additions on Soil Microbial Diversity and Community Structure in A Broadleaved Korean Pine Forest

作　　者：王硕[1] 邢亚娟[1] 闫国永 王庆贵 Wang Shuo;Xing Yajuan;Yan Guoyong;Wang Qinggui(Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080,P.R.China;Qufu Normal University)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学,哈尔滨150080 [2]曲阜师范大学

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2023年第10期106-112,120,共8页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(42230703)。

摘　　要：在黑龙江省伊春市五营区丰林国家自然保护区和丽林实验林场的阔叶红松林地,选取长期固定研究样地,施加氮肥(为硝酸铵)设置4个施氮梯度,分别为对照(不施氮)、低氮(2.5 g·m^(-2)·a^(-1))、中氮(5.0 g·m^(-2)·a^(-1))、高氮(7.5 g·m^(-2)·a^(-1)),每个处理3个重复,共12个20 m×20 m试验区,试验区之间保留10 m宽缓冲带。从2011年5月份开始,硝酸铵作为添加氮,在当地森林的每个生长季节(5—9月份)均匀添加5次。施加到每个地块的硝酸铵溶解在32 L纯水中,使用背负式喷雾器将硝酸铵溶液均匀地喷洒在每个地块的森林地面上,为了保持处理的一致性,对照样地处理用等量32 L纯水喷洒。2021年7月份,在12块样地内各随机设置5个采样点,用土钻在0~10 cm土层采集土样,测定土壤含水率、pH、有效氮质量分数、有效磷质量分数、有效钾质量分数、全碳质量分数、全氮质量分数、全磷质量分数、微生物量碳质量分数、微生物量氮质量分数、微生物磷质量分数、微生物群落结构、微生物群落组成、微生物群落多样性。采用单因素方差分析方法(LSD)、邓肯(Duncan)检验法、非度量多维标度(NMDS)分析法,分析不同施氮处理之间土壤碳氮磷等基本理化性质与土壤微生物量和群落结构的差异、土壤细菌和真菌物种组成,探索土壤理化性质、微生物群落结构和土壤酶活性的相关性。结果表明:施氮对土壤微生物量碳、微生物量氮、群落结构产生显著影响,其中施氮5.0 g·m^(-2)·a^(-1)处理的影响最显著,与对照(不施氮)相比,施氮5.0 g·m^(-2)·a^(-1)处理的土壤微生物量碳提高140.89%、微生物量氮提高34.48%、细菌提高65.21%、真菌提高111.97%、总磷脂脂肪酸提高71.02%;施氮5.0 g·m^(-2)·a^(-1)处理,真菌数量(N_F)与细菌数量(N_B)比值(N_F/N_B)显著提高,并且施氮5.0 g·m^(-2)·a^(-1)处理对土壤微生物丰富度、细菌种类多样性、真In Fenglin National Nature Reserve and Lilin Experimental Forest Farm,Wuying District,Yichun City,Heilongjiang Province,a long-term fixed study sample was selected and nitrogen fertilizer(ammonium nitrate)was applied to set up four nitrogen application gradients.They were control(no nitrogen application),low nitrogen(2.5 g·m^(-2)·a^(-1)),medium nitrogen(5.0 g·m^(-2)·a^(-1))and high nitrogen(7.5 g·m^(-2)·a^(-1)),with 3 replicates per treatment.A total of twelve 20 m×20 m test zones were set up,and 10 m wide buffer zones were reserved between the test zones.Starting in May 2011,ammonium nitrate,as added nitrogen,was added evenly five times during each growing season(May to September)in local forests.The ammonium nitrate solution applied to each plot was dissolved in 32 L pure water,and the knap-mounted sprayer was used to spray the ammonium nitrate solution evenly on the forest floor of each plot.In order to maintain the consistency of treatment,the control treatment was sprayed with the same amount of 32 L pure water.The tree species in the test area was broad-leaved red pine forest.In July 2021,5 sampling points will be randomly set in each of the 12 sample plots.Soil samples will be collected from 0-10 cm soil layer with soil drill.Soil moisture content,pH,available nitrogen content,available phosphorus content,available potassium content,total carbon content,total nitrogen content,total phosphorus content,microbial mass carbon content,microbial mass nitrogen content,microbial mass phosphorus content,microbial community structure,microbial community composition,microbial community diversity.One-way analysis of variance(LSD),Duncan test and non-metric multidimensional scale(NMDS)analysis were used to analyze the differences of soil basic physical and chemical properties such as carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus,soil microbial biomass and community structure,and soil bacterial and fungal species composition among different nitrogen application treatments.To explore the relationship between soil physical and ch

关 键 词：施氮 阔叶红松林 森林土壤 微生物生物量 微生物群落 微生物多样性 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]