中小学师德师风建设进展及影响因素研究——基于北京市师德情况的调查  

Research on the Progress and Influencing Factors of the Construction of Teachers'Ethics and Conduct in Primary and Secondary Schools:Based on the Survey of Teacher Ethics in Beijing

作　　者：高慧斌[1] GAO Huibin(National Institute of Education Sciences,Beijing 100088)

机构地区：[1]中国教育科学研究院,100088

出　　处：《教育科学研究》2023年第8期83-90,共8页Educational Science Research

基　　金：北京市教育科学2018年度优先关注课题“新时期教师师德建设的现状与对策研究”(AEFA18012)的成果之一。

摘　　要：师德师风是评价教师队伍素质的第一标准。党的十八大以来,国家一以贯之强调加强师德师风建设。为考察十年来师德师风建设进展,本文基于样本数据分析发现:师德师风建设情况整体偏好,学生和家长对教师师德行为表现认同度较高,但师德宣传效果相对较差,学生对教师传播正能量、家长对教师校园安全防范认同度相对偏低。师德师风建设效果和师德行为表现,在学校所在地和办学水平上存在显著差异,办学水平直接影响师德师风建设效果。教师职称与师德师风建设效果感知呈现较为复杂的关系。教师教龄与师德师风建设效果感知呈现出负相关关系。师德教育对师德师风建设影响最大,师德考核影响最小。建议应以教师专业伦理教育为基础,注重分层开展师德教育,促进教师形成德性自觉;以符合受众群体需求逻辑的思维,进一步完善师德宣传方式;以重申道德命令和法治思维,加强师德治理;以保障教育公平,全面提升城乡接合部学校办学水平,为师德师风建设提供良好环境。Teacher ethics and conduct are the first criteria for evaluating the quality of the teaching staff.Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the country has consistently emphasized the construction of teacher ethics and professional conduct.To examine the progress of teacher ethics and professional conduct construction over the past decades,this study based on sample data found that the overall construction of teacher ethics and professional conduct was relatively well,with students and parents expressing a high degree of recognition for teachers'ethical behavior,but the effectiveness of teacher ethics promotion was poor.Students communicated positive energy to teachers.Parents'recognition of teachers'campus safety precautions is relatively low.There are significant differences in the effectiveness of teacher ethics construction and performance of teacher ethics behaviors in the location and level of schools.The relationship between teachers'professional titles and the effectiveness of teacher ethics construction is relatively complex.There is a negative correlation between teachers'teaching experience and the effectiveness of teacher ethics construction.The effectiveness of teacher ethics education has the greatest impact on the construction of teacher ethics,followed by teacher ethics promotion and supervision,and teacher ethics assessment has the smallest impact on the construction of teacher ethics.We should take teacher professional ethics education as the foundation,hierarchical development of teacher ethics education and promote the formation of teacher ethics consciousness;further improve the methods of promoting teacher ethics with logical thinking that meets the needs;strengthen teacher ethics governance by reaffrming moral commands and legal thinking;ensure educational fairness,comprehensively improve the level of education in schools in the urban-rural fringe;and provide a good environment fortheconstruction of teacherethics and conduct.

关 键 词：中小学 师德师风建设 师德行为 

分 类 号：G631[文化科学—教育学]