基于“品质-活力”多源数据的中小尺度街道更新设计方法  

Renewal Design Method for Small and Medium-Scale Streets Based on“Quality-Vitality”Multi-Source Data

作　　者：沈洁[1,2] 刘亦凡[3] SHEN Jie;LIU Yifan(Teaching Management Department, College of Architecture and Urban Planning(CAUP), Tongji University;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Urban Renewal and Spatial Optimization Technology, Tongji University;College of Architecture and Urban Planning(CAUP), Tongji University)

机构地区：[1]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院教学管理部 [2]同济大学上海市城市更新及其空间优化技术重点实验室 [3]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院

出　　处：《风景园林》2023年第9期105-113,共9页Landscape Architecture

摘　　要：【目的】当下新城市科学的兴起与发展,为城市公共空间更新设计方法研究提供了多学科技术支持。街道品质与人群活力的相关性可帮助识别街道的问题与潜力,进而指导街道公共空间更新设计。【方法】以上海市瑞金二路街道为例,结合实地调研,采集街景、兴趣点、位置服务等数据,对品质、活力涵盖的18项因子进行测度。基于多源数据测度结果,建立“街道空间品质”与“人群行为活力”评价矩阵,提出适用于中小街区尺度的街道公共空间更新设计方法。【结果】依据“品质-活力”评价矩阵的评分,将街道分为“高品质-高活力”“高品质-低活力”“低品质-高活力”和“低品质-低活力”4类画像,并相应提出细部优化、激活潜力、品质提升和整体改造4类规划设计路径。在每类中选取典型街道进行个案分析,通过街道综合评价雷达图直观解读街道状况,提出对应更新设计策略。【结论】通过建立街道“品质-活力”评价矩阵,贯通了设计研究与设计实践,为中小尺度街道公共空间更新设计提供了精细化的技术支持。该套设计研究方法能够应用于同等尺度的街道公共空间规划设计中。[Objective]Urban development has transformed in recent years from incremental expansion to stock renewal,and more focus has been placed on the establishment of a high-quality living environment,which proposes a more complex and humane standard for quality improvement of urban public space.Such problems as small data sample size,vulnerability to incidental factors,and doubtful reliability and validity of measurement and analysis results in conventional urban analysis methodologies have been partially resolved by the growth and development of multi-source data,which makes it possible to quantify non-physical factors such as urban quality and vibrancy and opens up more design options for public space renewal.Street condition and crowd vitality can be analyzed in depth using data from multiple sources.From the viewpoint of the street itself and the user object,the relationship between the anticipated and actual beauty of a street can help identify the faults and potentials of the street and then serve as a design guide for the renovation of the street's public space.[Methods]Taking Ruijin 2nd Road Subdistrict in Shanghai as an example,this research measures 18 factors covered by quality and vitality through field research and data collection from streetscape,points of interest(POIs)and location based services.The street measurement factors selected according to established theories and empirical studies can be basically divided into four dimensions:spatial form,functional attribute,landscape perception and behavioral use.The first three dimensions are related to street quality,and the behavioral use dimension is related to street vitality.There are 9 quality factors,namely pedestrian accessibility,ground floor interface permeability,walking scale,walking accessibility,functional density,functional diversity,night lighting,green visibility,and characteristic building density.There are 9 vitality factors,which are the average hourly street flow during the time periods of 07:00–12:00,13:00–18:00,and 19:00–23:00 on

关 键 词：风景园林 设计研究 多源数据 中小尺度街道 空间品质 街道活力 

分 类 号：TU984.113[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]