管窥《伤寒论》中的“知常达变”  

On“Knowing Normal Conditions and Understanding Changes”in Treatise on Febrile Diseases

作　　者：白彦铭 梁爽 周波[1,3] BAI Yanming;LIANG Shuang;ZHOU Bo(School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan 750004,Ningxia,China;Department of Internal Medicine,Yinchuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Yinchuan 750001,Ningxia,China;Ningxia Key Laboratory of Modernization of Minority Medicine,Ministry of Education,Yinchuan 750004,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学中医学院,宁夏银川750004 [2]银川市中医医院,宁夏银川750001 [3]宁夏少数民族医药现代化教育部重点实验室,宁夏银川750004

出　　处：《辽宁中医杂志》2023年第6期52-54,共3页Liaoning Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81760824);宁夏自然科学基金项目(2020AAC03127)。

摘　　要：知常达变是中医辨证思维的基本特征之一,在《伤寒论》立法方药中,精微奥妙,明晰方元,变化无穷,随证化裁灵活反映出变证之活,变证之法。在见微知著中导出特殊变化规律,“于无字处求之”。知常亦知变,“变”有化生之意,“化”有纲目,有出入失和,开阖失司、常变、主客、真假、传经、越经、直中、除中等究微之意,形证互隐于六经之中,本证详于本经之内,因象辨机,因机症治,在错综复杂的临床表象中,辨清病证的真实属性,调动生机,使阴阳和谐。Knowing normal conditions and understanding changes is one of the basic characteristics of TCM syndrome differentiation thinking,and Treatise on Febrile Diseases is a model work.In the legislative prescription,it is subtle,clear and changeable.The flexible decision reflects the change of syndromes and the method of treating the changing syndromes.A special law of change is derived from the insignificance,“seeking it with no word”.Knowing the normal conditions as well as the changes.Changing means to generate and resolving has many meanings including guidelines,inconsistencies,abnormal opening and closing,changes,real and false symptoms,transmission from one meridian to another,transmission without the sequence of meridians,direct attack and Chuzhong.The forms and syndromes are hidden in the six meridians,and this syndrome is detailed in this meridian.Distinguishing the true attributes of disease and syndrome based on the complex clinical manifestations,mobilizing the vitality,and promoting harmony between Yin and Yang through the differentiation of symptoms and mechanisms and the treatment of symptoms and signs.

关 键 词：以常衡变 知常达变 知犯何逆 方随法出 

分 类 号：R222.2[医药卫生—中医基础理论]