豫西地区陆相三叠纪遗迹化石演化及生态学意义  

Evolution of Terrestrial Triassic Ichnofossils and Ecological Significance in Western Henan Province

作　　者：郑伟[1,2,3] 许欣 齐永安 邢智峰[1,2,3] 刘云龙 李婉颖[1] 吴伟 付玉鑫 林佳 Zheng Wei;Xu Xin;Qi Yong′an;Xing Zhifeng;Liu Yunlong;Li Wanying;Wu Wei;Fu Yuxin;Lin Jia(School of Resources and Environment,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454003,China;Henan Province Key Laboratory of Biogenic Traces and Sedimentary Minerals,Jiaozuo 454003,China;Central Plains Economic Zone Coalbed Methane and Shale Gas Collaborative Innovation Center,Jiaozuo 454003,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学资源环境学院,河南焦作454003 [2]河南省生物遗迹与成矿过程重点实验室,河南焦作454003 [3]中原经济区煤层气与页岩气协同创新中心,河南焦作454003

出　　处：《地球科学》2023年第8期2807-2821,共15页Earth Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(Nos.41772110,41872111,41902113);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(No.20A170010);河南省科技攻关项目(No.202102310336);山东省沉积成矿作用与沉积矿产重点实验室开放基金(No.DMSM2018027)。

摘　　要：以豫西地区三叠纪陆相遗迹化石为研究对象,分析了遗迹化石在丰度、多样性、生物扰动指数、造迹生物行为习性和营养类型、潜穴直径和阶层方面的特征及变化.豫西地区早、中三叠世遗迹化石记录了二叠纪-三叠纪之交大灭绝事件(PTME)后底栖生物群落由残存向复苏和辐射的演变:后生动物体型由小到大,行为习性和营养类型复杂性逐渐增加,生活空间从表层和半内栖层向浅、中、深阶层扩展,生态空间占据率逐渐提高,对沉积物的改造和利用能力逐渐增强.晚三叠世遗迹化石变化趋于平稳但有波动.椿树腰组中遗迹化石的演变主要受沉积环境的影响,其上覆谭庄组遗迹化石多样性和复杂性的提高是巨型季风、沉积环境(水深)和生物因素共同作用的结果.In this paper,the characteristics and variations of the Triassic terrestrial ichnofossils in western Henan Province were analyzed in terms of the abundance,ichnodiversity,biodisturbance index,behavior habits and food-feeding strategy of the tracemaking organisms,burrow size and ichnofabric tiering.Ichnofossils developing in the study area during Early and Middle Triassic recorded the evolution of benthic communities from survival to recovery and radiation after the Permian-Triassic Mass Extinction(PTME).It reflected by the enlargement of metazoan′s body size,the complicatedness of behavior habits and food-feeding strategy,the expansion of living space from the surficial tier and semi-infaunal tier to shallow,middle and deep tier,the increasement of ecological space occupying rate,the enhancement of the ability to modify and utilize the sedimentary environment gradually.The variations of the Late Triassic ichnofossils tend to be stable with fluctuation.The sedimentary environment was a crucial influence on the evolution of ichnofossils in Chunshuyao Formation,and the enhancement of the ichnodiversity and complexity of ichnofossils in Tanzhuang Formation was the joint work of the giant monsoon,sedimentary environment and biological factors.

关 键 词：遗迹化石 演化特征 三叠纪 陆相 豫西地区 沉积学 

分 类 号：P52[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]