新型160 km/h铁路货运棚车车门疲劳寿命研究  

Fatigue life study of the door on the new-type 160 km/h railway box wagon

作　　者：马成成 付茂海[2] 安琪 汪洋 MA Chengcheng;FU Maohai;AN Qi;WANG Yang(Technology R&D Center,CRRC Braking System Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao,Shandong 266031,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610031,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Dalian Jiaotong University,Dalian,Liaoning 116028,China;Chongqing Technology R&D Center,CRRC SRI Chongqing Intelligent Equipment Technology Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 400000,China)

机构地区：[1]中车制动系统有限公司技术研发中心,山东青岛266031 [2]西南交通大学机械工程学院,四川成都610031 [3]大连交通大学机械工程学院,辽宁大连116028 [4]重庆中车四方所智能装备技术有限公司重庆研发中心,重庆400000

出　　处：《机车电传动》2023年第4期50-56,共7页Electric Drive for Locomotives

摘　　要：在车辆运行过程中,由于轨道不平顺或随机风载的影响,车体会持续受到随机振动载荷的影响,严重时会对车体结构产生疲劳破坏。为保证运行安全,对某新型160 km/h大容积全侧开活动侧墙棚车车门进行随机振动疲劳分析。考虑到转向架、车体等零部件在激励传递过程中的影响,通过柔性建模方法建立车体动力学模型,选用美国6级线路谱进行仿真,提取出车门垂向振动加速度谱,分别运用基于应力响应功率谱密度函数的频域分析法和基于雨流计数法的时域分析法对车门疲劳损伤进行计算。结果表明,2种算法计算的车门疲劳寿命都满足600万km的运营需求,并且疲劳强度薄弱区域都显示为车门座焊接部位,其中频域分析法计算的疲劳损伤值为0.89,时域分析法计算的疲劳损伤值为0.51,前者更为保守,最后从数据处理方式、评估方法、算法原理3个方面分析了2种计算结果的差异原因。During train operation,influenced by track irregularity or random wind load,the vehicle body is continuously under the impact of random vibration loads,which will cause fatigue damage to the vehicle structure in severe cases.To ensure train operation safety,an analysis of random vibration fatigue of the door on a new 160 km/h large volume box wagon with movable side walls was carried out.Considering the influence of excitation transmission on bogie,car body and other parts,the vehicle body dynamics simulation model was established through a flexible modeling method,and the door's vertical vibration acceleration spectrum was obtained by using the American sixth grade track line.The door's fatigue damage was calculated with two analyzing methods,which were the frequency domain analysis based on the stress response power spectrum density function and the time domain analysis based on the rain flow counting method.The results show that the door's fatigue life under the two analyzing methods both meet the requirements for operating six million kilometers,and the areas with weak fatigue strength are welding parts on the door seat.The fatigue damage calculated by frequency domain analysis method is 0.89,and that calculated by time domain analysis method is 0.51.The former is more conservative.Finally,the reasons for the difference between the two results are analyzed from three angles,namely the data processing methods,evaluation methods and calculation principles.

关 键 词：160 km/h棚车 疲劳寿命 随机振动 柔性建模 时域分析 频域分析 仿真 轨道不平顺 

分 类 号：U272.1[机械工程—车辆工程]